Modelling liver disease requires in vitro systems that replicate disease progression1,2. Current tissue-derived organoids fail to reproduce the complex cellular composition and tissue architecture observed in vivo3. Here, we describe a multicellular organoid system composed of adult hepatocytes, cholangiocytes and mesenchymal cells that recapitulates the architecture of the liver periportal region

Electrochemistry is undergoing a resurgence in synthetic chemistry and boasts compelling advantages1. Repurposing natural enzymes through synthetic chemical strategies holds significant promise for exploring new chemical space2-6. Elegant strategies, including directed evolution7-10, artificial enzymes11, and photoenzymatic catalysis12,13 have demonstrated their capacities for expanding the applications

Bacteria defend themselves from viral predation using diverse immune systems, many of which target foreign DNA for degradation1. Defense-associated reverse transcriptase (DRT) systems provide an intriguing counterpoint to this strategy by leveraging DNA synthesis instead2,3. We and others recently showed that DRT2 systems use an RNA template to assemble a de novo gene that encodes an antiviral effector

The shale gas revolution has shifted propylene production from naphtha cracking to on-purpose production with propane dehydrogenation (PDH) as the dominant technology1-9. Because PDH is endothermic and requires high temperatures that favour sintering and coking, the challenge is to develop active and stable catalysts1-3 that are sufficiently stable10,11. Zeolite-supported Pt-Sn catalysts have been

To absorb nutrients and support commensal microbes, the host induces tolerogenic immune responses via peripheral regulatory T cells (pTregs) 1,2. Prior studies identified type 1 dendritic cells (cDC1) as initiators of dietary pTregs3. However, we now report that food-specific pTreg cells are exclusively induced by the recently identified RORγt APCs4–8 and not by cDCs. Instead, our data suggest that

Quantum error correction [1–4] is essential for bridging the gap between the error rates of physical devices and the extremely low error rates required for quantum algorithms. Recent error-correction demonstrations on superconducting processors [5–8] have focused primarily on the surface code [9], which offers a high error threshold but poses limitations for logical operations. The color code [10]

Chiral superconductors are unconventional superconducting states that break time reversal symmetry spontaneously and typically feature Cooper pairing at non-zero angular momentum. Such states may host Majorana fermions and provide an important platform for topological physics research and fault-tolerant quantum computing1–7. Despite intensive search and prolonged studies of several candidate systems8–26

One-carbon homologs are structurally-related and functionally-identical organic molecules, whose chain-lengths differ by a single methylene (–CH2–) unit1. Across many classes of molecule–including pharmaceutical agents, natural products, agrochemicals, fragrances and petroleum products–the physicochemical characteristics displayed by members of a homologous series subtly differ from one compound to

Five years before the 2022 multi-country mpox outbreak, Nigeria and Cameroon reported their first cases in over three decades.1,2 While Nigeria's outbreak is recognized as an ongoing human epidemic, the drivers of Cameroon's resurgence remain unclear.3,4 The rate of zoonoses remains uncertain in both countries, and gaps in genomic data obscure the timing, zoonotic and geographic origin of mpox virus

Ku70 and Ku80 form Ku, a ring-shaped complex that initiates the non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathway.1 Ku binds to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) ends and recruits other NHEJ factors (e.g., LIG4, DNA-PKcs). While Ku can bind to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)2 and trap mutated-DNA-PKcs on ribosomal RNA (rRNA),3,4 the physiological role on Ku-RNA interaction in otherwise wildtype cells remains