OBJECTIVE Arterial wall Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake can reflect vascular inflammation in Takayasu's arteritis (TAK); however, its association with vascular prognosis remains unclear. This study assessed the predictive efficacy of the PET vascular activity score (PETVAS) for vascular prognosis and whether FDG uptake in specific arterial territories was associated with angiographic progression in

PURPOSE The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) has become a promising target for biologics in both monitoring and treating neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to develop and compare bispecific anti-TREM2 antibodies featuring different transferrin receptor (TfR) binders to enhance brain delivery, identifying the most suitable format for in vivo PET imaging

BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy characterized by altered glucose metabolism. Integration of PET/CT radiomics with glucose metabolism-related genomic signatures could provide a more comprehensive approach for prognosis and treatment guidance. METHODS Radiomics features were extracted from PET/CT images of 156 NSCLC patients from The Cancer Imaging Archive

PURPOSE Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has emerged as one of the most promising theranostic targets. FT-FAPI, a potential FAP-targeted probe with enhanced tumor-targeting ability using an organotrifluoroborate linker, was verified for the biological effect in cell and animal experiments in previous work. However, the differences in pharmacokinetic profiles, biodistribution and dosimetry of FT-FAPI

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to, evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in high-risk prostate cancer (PC) compared to [¹⁸F]PSMA / [⁶⁸Ga]Ga- PSMA- and [¹⁸F]FDG- PET/CT as well as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients with high-risk PC (PSA > 20 ng/mL, Gleason score > 7, or > T2c)

Purpose To date, the survival benefits of multiple radioactive iodine therapies (RAIT) in RAI-avid pulmonary micrometastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remain debatable. This study aimed to compare the progression-free survival (PFS) benefits between those received only once RAIT (o-RAIT) and multiple RAITs (m-RAIT) in such patients. Methods Patients with RAI-avid pulmonary micrometastatic

Purpose Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a potential target for radioligand therapy (RLT) in neuro-oncology. This study investigates the direct relation between [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 uptake on PET and PSMA expression in the tumour micro-environment of high-grade glioma (HGG) and brain metastasis (BM). Methods Twelve patients with HGG (glioblastoma n = 6, oligodendroglioma n = 1), or BM (lung-

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and develop a quantitative pCR prediction model. We compared the model's performance with RECIST 1.1 and PERCIST. Method A retrospective review was conducted on patients with resectable NSCLC who received

Introduction We aimed to investigate the value of primary tumour F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) parameters and textural features in predicting tumour response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neo-CRT) and prognosis in paediatric patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Materials and methods Twenty-eight paediatric patients with STS who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT studies before neo-CRT were included

Purpose Treatment response assessment in grade 1/2 neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has been a key challenge due to their indolent nature. Here, we propose the novel response evaluation criteria with [68Ga]Ga-somatostatin analogue (SSA)-PET/CT in grade 1/2 NETs (RECIN) following [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE therapy and evaluate its survival impact vis-à-vis conventional radiographic response assessment. Methods

Purpose Given the increasing inclusion of ECOG 3 patients in oncology practice, data on this subgroup in the context of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) remain limited. This study evaluates the safety and outcome of PSMA-RLT in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients with ECOG performance status 3. Methods In this analysis, a cohort

Purpose Accurate differentiation of the histologic invasiveness of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma is crucial for determining surgical strategies. This study aimed to investigate the potential of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 PET/CT in assessing the invasiveness of early lung adenocarcinoma presenting as ground-glass nodules (GGNs) and identifying imaging features with strong predictive potential. Methods This

Purpose To determine whether TTRv carriers with Perugini grade 1 cardiac radiotracer uptake on [99mTc]Tc- hydroxydiphosphonate bone scintigraphy have or develop ATTR-CM. Methods This retrospective observational study was conducted at the Groningen Amyloidosis Centre of Expertise between April 2012 and June 2023. TTRv carriers with Perugini grade 1 uptake on bone scintigraphy were followed until to

Purpose To investigate relationships between treatment week, relative to Ytrrium-90 (90Y) glass microsphere calibration (i.e., specific activity and particle density), and outcomes for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or colorectal cancer liver metastasis (mCRC). Methods Multinational, multicenter study TARGET (retrospective; n = 209 HCC patients) was combined with EPOCH (phase III trial; n = 428 mCRC

Purpose The aim of this study is to overcome the challenges of poor tumor penetration and systemic toxicity in targeted alpha therapy (TAT) while also evaluating its immunomodulatory effects to enhance antitumor immune responses in melanoma treatment. Methods This study developed a 211At-labeled single-domain antibody agent ([211At]At-AuNP-ABDMPL16) targeting PD-L1, a protein overexpressed in melanoma

Background Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) frequently leads to bone and soft tissue metastases, leading to poor prognosis. The beta-emitting radioligand [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 targets the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) and may be less efficient against micrometastatic disease. The alpha-emitting radioligand [212Pb]Pb-AB001 could offer enhanced treatment by delivering

Purpose 90Y glass microspheres have a shelf life of 12 days from the calibration date, allowing flexible administration after a variable decay interval. For a fixed intended activity, a longer interval results in a higher number of administered microspheres per GBq and in a lower activity per sphere as. This study aimed to demonstrate that, for a fixed Tumour Absorbed Dose (TAD), Tumour Control Probability

Purpose This study aims to construct an individualized glucose metabolism network using total-body 18F-FDG PET imaging, which provides a comprehensive view of glucose metabolism across various organs, to explore the role of inter-organ interactions in Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Methods In this study, we constructed covariance metabolic networks using static total-body PET images, normalized by lean body

Purpose This retrospective analysis evaluated the prognostic value of baseline 18F-flotufolastat-PET bone tumor metrics for severe hematologic toxicity in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients treated with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T. Methods Data from 182 mCRPC patients with baseline 18F-flotufolastat-PET scans and complete hematologic profiles were analyzed. Bone lesions were semiautomatically

Objective This study was conducted to explore the predictive value of PET parameters derived from 18F-FAPI-42 PET/CT in assessing lymphovascular and/or perineural invasion (LVI/PNI) in gastric cancer (GC) patients. Methods 72 GC patients who underwent 18F-FAPI-42 PET/CT prior to surgical resection were included. Clinicopathological factors and PET parameters were collected and analyzed in LVI/PNI-negative

Purpose This study aimed to investigate the role of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in survival prediction of interstitial lung diseases (ILD) patients undergoing lung transplantation (LTx). Methods Eighty-three patients with ILD who underwent LTx were retrospectively included in this study, among whom 43 received unilateral LTx and 40 received

Purpose The poor prognosis of glioblastoma is mostly due to the relatively low tumor vascular permeability to therapeutics, the tumor’s vicinity to the brain, that limits treatment aggressiveness, and/or drug resistance. Methods In this study, the efficacy of systemically injected actinium-225 dendrimer-radioconjugates was evaluated in an immune-competent orthotopic GL261-C57BL/6 mouse model after

Purpose Post-COVID-19 lung disease (PCLD) is a significant concern following the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. PCLD encompasses persistent debilitating respiratory symptoms and radiological changes beyond the acute disease phase. It highlights the ongoing search to identify and manage lingering diseases. This prospective study utilizes F18-Fludeoxyglucose (FDG)

Purpose In this study, we investigated the utility of a novel developed anti-CEACAM5 VHH for cancer diagnosis and its potential of being a targeting-moiety of VHH-drug conjugates for cancer therapy. Methods Anti-CEACAM5 VHH (6B11) affinity and specific cellular binding was confirmed by ELISA, FACS and immunofluorescence in cancer cell lines with varying CEACAM5 expression levels. Intracellular penetration

Purpose We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of pre- and post-infusion 18F-FDG PET/CT for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma B-NHL) patients treated with anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells. Methods B-NHL patients who received CAR-T therapy and underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT examination one month before (pre-infusion) and after (M1) CAR-T infusion were collected and regularly followed up. Maximum

Purpose Imaging markers for lung-brain interaction and brain metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are lacking. This study aimed to explore the effect of NSCLC on brain glucose metabolism using total-body positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Methods Fifty-six healthy controls (HCs) and 42 NSCLC patients underwent total-body PET imaging. Concentrations of serum tumor markers were obtained

Purpose Gallium-68 (68Ga)-labeled [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-T4 immuno-positron emission tomography (immunoPET) holds great promise as a non-invasive technique for visualizing the expression of trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 (TROP2). This approach may potentially assist in making clinical decisions regarding TROP2-targeted therapies. The present study aims to evaluate the utility of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-T4 PET/CT

Purpose The role of hepatobiliary contrast-enhanced imaging in the evaluation of liver malignancies in FDG-PET/MR remains underexplored. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of stand-alone FDG-PET, non-contrast-enhanced (NCE) PET/MR, and contrast-enhanced (CE) PET/MR with and without hepatobiliary phase (HBP). Methods This prospective, single-center diagnostic accuracy study

Introduction P-glycoprotein (P-gp) or multidrug-resistance protein is one of the most extensively studied efflux transporters at the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Changes in P-gp function are associated with several neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and schizophrenia and with the bioavailability of several pharmaceuticals in the brain, causing

Purpose To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of 177Lu-PSMA-617 radioligand therapy (PRLT) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) in Germany by comparing (I) PRLT plus standard-of-care (SoC) versus SoC alone as third-line treatment and (II) PRLT versus second-line cabazitaxel chemotherapy. Methods Cohort state-transition models were developed with (I) four health states (treatment

Purpose Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) in breast cancer is progressing rapidly, asking for precise categorization of HER2 expression. Our aim was to explore the HER2-affibody uptake characteristics in breast cancer and to find potential biomarkers for differentiating HER2 status, in comparison with 18F-FDG PET/CT. Methods In this prospective

Purpose Rejection, especially chronic rejection is a key factor influencing the prognosis of kidney transplantation patients. While 18F-fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-04 PET/CT has been widely utilized for diagnosing various diseases, its diagnostic efficacy in kidney transplant rejection remains unexplored. Methods In this study, 24 kidney transplant recipients were prospectively enrolled

Background Immunotherapy based on programmed cell death protein receptor 1 and its ligand (PD-1/PD-L1) has become an important method for treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Peptide-based and nanobody-based PET tracers offer potential advantages in PD-L1 detection, yet their comparative tumor uptake and biodistribution remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate and compare [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-WL12

Purpose This study aimed to develop a predictive model that integrates parameters derived from preoperative multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and [18F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT for reliably predicting pathological upgrading from systematic biopsy (SB) to radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens. Methods We ultimately retrospectively analyzed 163 patients with biopsy-confirmed localized prostate

Purpose To evaluate tumour and normal organ dosimetry of PSMA-targeted RLT 177Lu-rhPSMA-10.1. Methods PSMA-positive mCRPC patients experiencing disease progression following standard-of-care treatment were enrolled and underwent ≤ 3 cycles of 5.55 or 7.40 GBq 177Lu-rhPSMA-10.1 at 6-week intervals. Multi-bed SPECT/CT was conducted 3-, 24-, 48-, and 168-hours post-administration to calculate tumour and

Purpose The intricateness of tumor immune microenvironment types (TIMTs) complicates identifying responders to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Our purpose was to explore the metabolic characteristics of TIMTs in breast cancer using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT and to establish radiomics-based predictive models for TIMTs. Methods Consecutive 207 breast cancer patients (211 primary lesions)

Purpose Although neuroinflammation may play a key role in the pathology of migraine and its progression to chronic migraine (CM), its specific involvement-particularly the role of microglia- remains unclear. We investigated whether neuroinflammation is involved in the pathophysiology of CM and whether pro-inflammatory signals are associated with its clinical features. Methods Nineteen individuals with

Purpose Radioligand therapy (RLT) targeting PSMA (prostate-specific membrane antigen) has transformed the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, bone marrow depletion remains a common side effect, particularly in patients with extensive bone metastases or prior myelotoxic therapies. This study evaluated [99mTc]Tc-antigranulocyte scintigraphy to assess bone marrow

Background Amyloidosis is a systemic disorder characterized by amyloid fibril deposition in multiple organs, including the heart, brain, liver, kidneys, and lungs, leading to organ dysfunction and affecting survival. In cardiac amyloidosis (CA), where the heart is primarily affected, the broader impact on other organs, particularly the brain, is not fully understood. This study aimed to assess the

Background and aim The positive detection rate of MRI in autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) patients is low, often failing to make a rapid and accurate localization diagnosis. Both 18F-DPA714 and 18F-FDG PET imaging techniques have shown their advantages in the diagnosis of AIE. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a head-to-head comparison of the diagnostic value between 18F-DPA714 and 18F-FDG

Introduction PET imaging is a key diagnostic procedure in clinical routine worldwide. While public figures on PET volume are available in many countries, until now these numbers were not publicly known for Germany. Methods On behalf of the PET committee of the German Society of Nuclear Medicine, we conducted a comprehensive survey among PET centers in Germany to collect data on PET imaging, including

Purpose Some Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients report gastro-intestinal symptoms and present alterations in the gut microbiota (GM) composition. Elevated colonic amyloid immunoreactivity has been shown in patients and animal models. We evaluated the colonic uptake of the amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent [18F]flutemetamol (FMM) in a memory clinic population and investigated its

Objective Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is characterized by active inflammation and structural damage. To date, there is no imaging tool can alone visualize all those changes well. PET/CT imaging with gallium-68-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (68Ga-FAPI) provide extra ability for CT in detecting active inflammation in addition to its advantage in assessing structural damage. This

Purpose Accurate preoperative localization is imperative for the treatment of insulinomas. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) imaging has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in localization of insulinomas. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of GLP-1R PET/CT with 68Ga-exendin-4 in localization of insulinoma, and to provide evidence for clinical practice from a real-world

Purpose Primary aldosteronism (PA), a common cause of secondary hypertension, requires precise localization and subtype differentiation for appropriate management. C-X-C chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) targeted PET-CT emerges as a promising non-invasive modality for evaluating PA. This study aims to assess its performance in three key areas: lateralizing aldosterone secretion, differentiating PA subtypes

Introduction Localizing the source of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in patients with ACTH-dependent Cushing’s syndrome (CS) poses significant challenges. There is a pressing need for novel imaging modalities that provide both anatomical delineation and functional confirmation of corticotropinomas. Methods This study utilized a modified form of desmopressin (mDesmo), an agonist of the V1b receptor

Background Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-directed positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has emerged as a highly accurate imaging modality for detecting tumor lesions in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer (PC). While detection rates of lesions suspicious for PC relapse are known to increase with rising prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels