Farmers in south-east Denmark experience increasing problems with foraging barnacle geese on their crops, particularly affecting winter wheat, seed grass, and winter rape. Sugar beet waste is often exploited by geese and swans, and in recent years barnacle geese have adapted to foraging on unharvested sugar beet fields as well. Sugar beet biomass measurements and bird counts show that geese and swans

Blue stem weevil (Ceutorhynchus sulcicollis) and cabbage stem weevil (C. pallidactylus) can occur in high numbers in winter oilseed rape (Brassica napus) fields in Sweden, but their impact on crop yield is poorly known, hindering the development of evidence-based pest management recommendations. We conducted five field experiments in two cropping seasons, where we tested pyrethroid insecticide application

Fitness cost associated with insecticide resistance and its magnitude can be affected by many environmental aspects, such as temperature. Insect pests can express different phenotypes in response to modified environmental conditions. In this context, we investigated the impact of temperatures: 18, 22, 28, and 32 °C on the magnitude of fitness costs associated with resistance. Different biological parameters

In response to the issue of weed control in agricultural practices and the demand for Site-Specific Weed Management (SSWM), this study proposes a low-altitude orthophoto weed map generation system for agricultural fields based on deep learning and image processing techniques, which aims to provide accurate and timely weed maps for early-stage weed control. By developing an end-to-end Intelligent Weed

To address the imperative for sustainable agricultural practices and navigate the ongoing debate on the proposed Sustainable Use of Pesticides Regulation (SUR), it is crucial to understand pesticide application and formulate strategies that meet farmers’ requirements. This study provides a detailed analysis using data on chemical plant protection measures for winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) taken

Non-consumptive effects of predators, such as olfactory cues, may profoundly influence prey life-history strategies, shaping ecological interactions beyond direct predation. This study examined how olfactory cues from different instar stages of the predatory midge Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) affected the development, survival, and reproduction of the green peach aphid

This study investigated the acaricidal and repellent properties of Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don (Boraginaceae) extracts against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), a significant agricultural pest. Extracts were obtained from plant material subjected to shade and oven drying, using distilled water, methanol, and 75 % methanol containing 0.1 % formic acid. The aqueous extract prepared

The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta, represents a significant threat to tomato production, particularly in greenhouse environments across various regions globally. Enhancing tomato production necessitates using fertilization inputs, which in turn may impact plant-insect interactions through bottom-up effects. This study examines the impact of conventional fertilizers, including humic, vermicompost

Globally, food grain storage system ensures food security by preserving grains in silos, warehouses, and other facilities. Post-harvest losses of food grains occur mainly due to unscientific storage, and damage by biotic agents; especially insects, which are main culprits. Until now, only chemicals (predominately aluminium phosphide) have been commercially viable for managing pests of stored commodities

Michelia maudiae is native to China and is popular as a landscape plant in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South America, and Central America for its elegant tree shape and beautiful flowers. However, leaf blight caused by anthracnose pathogens often affects the ornamental value of M. maudiae. In August 2024, M. maudiae with severe leaf blight was found in Nanchang, China, where typical anthracnose symptoms

Brevipalpus yothersi Baker is a vector of citrus leprosis virus C (CiLV-C), the primary viral disease affecting orchards across the citrus belt of Brazil. Disease management is based mainly on the use of synthetic acaricides to control this mite, with propargite being one of the main acaricides currently in use. The objective of this study was to estimate the levels of resistance to propargite in field

Coffee leaf rust (CLR, Hemileia vastatrix) is a recent arrival to Hawaii and has quickly become the most significant challenge to the State's small but economically important coffee industry. Frequent sprays of fungicides and the improvement of agronomic practices have been the primary management strategies for controlling this devastating disease. However, the high cost of products and labor coupled

Corn rootworms (CRW) are among the most destructive pests in corn production across the Corn Belt, causing considerable damage through larval feeding on roots. While crop rotation and Bt technologies are widely adopted management strategies, their effectiveness is increasingly compromised by the pest's evolution of resistance and behavioral adaptability. Chemical insecticides applied at planting to

Tetranychus neocaledonicus André (1933) (Acari: Tetranychidae) is a significant pest of lima bean fields, and its management frequently depends on synthetic acaricides, despite the absence of licensed products permitted for this crop. This study assessed the bioactivity of Juniperus virginiana (Pinales: Cupressaceae) and Melaleuca alternifolia (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) essential oils against T. neocaledonicus

Insect herbivores present a significant challenge to agricultural production, hindering efforts to meet the demands of the growing global population. Economically important Brassica crops are particularly susceptible to herbivorous pests. Among these pests, the aphid Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a major threat. Although insecticides have been a common pest control strategy, their

Magnolia × soulangeana Soul.-Bod. is a small arbor with ecological, economic and ornamental value. In October 2022, a serious outbreak of a foliar disease was recorded in Nanjing Forestry University, Jiangsu Province, with an incidence rate of 73 %. The diseased leaves showed curved, desiccated, and brown necrotic lesions. Five representative fungal isolates (YL 1-1, YL 1–2, YL 1–4, YL 1–5, and YL

Insecticide resistance in rice pests is a critical issue, yet research on resistance remains limited, leaving gaps in baseline data for effective resistance monitoring. This study addresses the gaps in resistance monitoring of rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, by assessing susceptibility to acephate, quinalphos, and carbosulfan while identifying underlying biochemical mechanisms. The susceptibility

The corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott), is one of the most important pests affecting corn fields in Brazil. To establish a foundation for implementing insect resistance management (IRM) strategies for D. maidis, we conducted studies to understand the inheritance of resistance to imidacloprid, the cross-resistance profile, and the stability of resistance. An imidacloprid-resistant strain

Chinese gallnuts are widely used in medicine and chemicals due to their high tannin acid content. Rhus chinensis, the main host of the gall aphid, produces horned gallnuts that account for more than 70 % of all Chinese gallnut production. Fungal diseases like canker and dieback on R. chinensis threaten gall quality and yield, but little is known about their causative fungi. In 2021, twig canker and

The Chinese yew (Taxus chinensis (Pilg.) Rehd) is a notable species renowned for its significant contribution to modern medicine. In November 2023, leaf blight disease was observed affecting Chinese yew nurseries in Meishan City, Sichuan Province, China, reducing quality. The causal agent was identified through isolation, morphological characterization, and phylogenetic analysis using the internal

The pink bollworm (PBW), Pectinophora gossypiella (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is a major pest of cotton, causing significant economic damage. However, comprehensive data on its prevalence and impact across India's cotton-growing regions (North, Central, and South) is limited. To fill this knowledge gap, extensive surveys were conducted from 2019 to 2021 in 164 locations across 41 cotton-growing districts

Cassava stands as Uganda's second most vital staple food after bananas, playing a crucial economic role for smallholder farmers. However, whiteflies significantly reduce cassava yields, jeopardizing farmers' incomes and food security. Aside from direct damage, the cassava whitefly transmits cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) and cassava mosaic disease (CMD), leading to potential yield losses ranging

Accurate and efficient recognition of crops and weeds in complex agricultural environments is crucial for promoting intelligent weed management and sustainable farming. Despite DeepLabv3+ showing robust semantic segmentation capabilities, its complex architecture and large number of parameters impede training efficiency and pose deployment difficulties, especially in resource-constrained farming environments

In the current scenario of globalized markets and climate change, phytosanitary risks are greater than ever before: the former facilitates the spread of pests over long distances, while the latter creates environmental conditions favourable for the establishment of pests in new areas. This reinforces the need for caution and constant vigilance regarding outbreaks of new pathogens. In 2022, symptoms

This study explores the role of Trichoderma species as causative agents of stalk rot in maize, representing the first documented case in India. The pathogens were isolated from the infected maize stalks collected from various regions, revealing three distinct Trichoderma isolates (HSRT46, HSRT47 and HSRT67), which exhibited variability in morphological traits such as colony color, mycelium type, pigmentation

Weed detection and control are important challenges in modern agriculture. Weed infestation can significantly reduce crop yields. The identification of weeds by species, along with their location, is important to reduce production costs and the environmental impact resulting from the use of chemical control across the plantation. In this study, we assessed four deep learning models for detection and

Bananas and plantains are major cash crops in Cameroon, contributing significantly to the national economy and the livelihoods of farmers. However, Black Sigatoka disease (BSD) severely affects the production of these crops, particularly among smallholder farmers. This study examines the control methods used by farmers and the factors influencing their choices in managing BSD. Data were collected from

Bacterial spot of pepper (BSP) is an important disease caused by Xanthomonas spp. Copper-based bactericides have been widely used to manage this disease over the decades. This has resulted in the development of copper resistance in the pathogen. To this date, as a standard practice, mancozeb mixed with a copper material has been used instead of copper alone to control copper-tolerant strains of the

Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) has been reported as one of the most common and serious alfalfa-infecting viruses, significantly impacting alfalfa production worldwide. To establish a rapid and simple method for AMV detection in alfalfa crops in China, three novel methods were developed, including real-time fluorescent reverse-transcription recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA), a one-tube one-step

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an important species of the Amaryllidaceae family and is widely cultivated worldwide. The yield and quality of garlic production decrease due to pests and fungal agents. Survey studies conducted in Gaziantep (Araban and Oğuzeli districts) and Kahramanmaraş (Narlı district) garlic-growing areas between March and April 2020–2022 we observed white spots followed by dark green

The bacterial disease huanglongbing (HLB) is devastating citrus industries around the world. Recent studies have identified trunk injection of oxytetracycline (OTC) as an effective method to reduce pathogen titers and restore citrus tree health and productivity. Here we assess the efficacy of OTC injections to mitigate HLB in a commercial citrus orchard in Florida over two production cycles. Nine-year-old

Essential oils (EOs) are increasingly recognized as eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic pesticides due to their biodegradability and reduced risks to non-target species. This study investigates the bioactivity of 30 EOs on Rhyzopertha dominica, a major pest of stored grains, with a focus on their repellency and attractiveness across varying concentrations. The area preference method (APM) was used

Fusarium ear rot (FER) of maize, caused by Fusarium verticillioides, significantly impacts grain quantity and quality due to reduced yield and grain discolorations. The fungus produces fumonisins (FUM), a mycotoxin associated with noxious effects on humans and animals. In 2019/20 and 2020/21 seasons, 20 maize genotypes were evaluated for tolerance to FER/FUM contamination in field experiments conducted

During the entire growth cycle of fruit trees, it is essential to implement management practices, including pruning, irrigation, pest and disease control, and harvesting. However, traditional orchard management has largely depended on subjective judgment and growers' experience, often lacking scientific rigor and demanding considerable labor and time. Given the current labor shortages, there is an

A potential benefit of high-density plantings is that their more compact size means netting is a more feasible pest and disease management tactic than in conventional plantings. We compared bird damage, spotted wing drosophila (SWD) abundance, and canker in high-density sweet cherry rows that were netted or unnetted for 2–4 weeks pre-harvest. Nets had a fine mesh that was designed to exclude SWD. We

Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a global agricultural pest by causing serious losses and has developed cross resistance to multiple insecticides in crop production. It is essential to find sustainable measures to control B. tabaci. In this study, we found a shrubby perennial herb, vicks plant (Plectranthus tomentosa) effectively repelled B. tabaci. Preference and behaviors of B. tabaci in cages experiments

This work examined whether Spodoptera frugiperda adults can pick up pyriproxyfen from an insecticide-treated surface and transfer it to their egg masses through autodissemination, inducing toxicity in newly hatched larvae upon ingestion. We also assessed pyriproxyfen distribution on egg masses during oviposition and its transfer from males to virgin females during mating. The lethal and sublethal toxicity

The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a vital pulse crop in Kenya, supporting over 300 million people in East Africa and Latin America with its high protein and starch content. However, bean production in Kenya is declining, particularly in Western Kenya, which contributes about 24 % of the country's dry bean production. The region faces significant challenges from biotic and abiotic factors,

The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri, is the primary insect vector of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), which causes Huanglongbing (HLB) in citrus plants. Effective control of D. citri is crucial to preventing the spread of HLB in orchards. Biological control is a key component in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs aimed at reducing the use of synthetic chemical insecticides

The use of genetically modified maize hybrids that produce insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has been the main strategy for controlling the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, in the Americas. However, the evolution of practical resistance has become a great threat to the sustainable use of Bt technology. Currently, the high dose/refuge and pyramided Bt approaches are the

Within the last 30 years, damage from wild pigs (Sus scrofa) to agricultural crops in the United States has resulted in significant production loss. Unmanned aerial systems (UAS) have been used to identify wild pig damage to corn (Zea mays) in a relatively short time frame. We expanded on current literature by conducting UAS transect flights over 14 center pivot irrigation fields (mean = 52 ha) planted

Stemona Radix plant belongs to the genus Stemona and the family Stemonaceae. It can be divided into Stemona sessilifolia (Miq.) Miq., Stemona japonica(Bl.) Miq., and Stemona tuberosa Lour. S. japonica is a perennial herb with spindle-shaped succulent tuber roots clustered underground and ascending from the upper part of the stem. S. japonica was first recorded in the "Famous Doctors Register". It has

Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne species are top-ranking polyphagous pests in the world affecting a wide range of crops in Pakistan. Rapid climatic changes and the extensive use of nematicides have strongly impacted human health, the environment, beneficial microbial communities and the soil food web. In the current study the efficacy of crude aqueous and MeOH (methanolic) extracts of the whole plant

Mortality and feeding damage of Myllocerus undecimpustulatus undatus Marshall (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) exposed to four biopesticides on peach foliage in field cages were assessed at two sites in Florida. Two branches (one for caging weevils and one with no cage) with 6–8 leaves without evidence of herbivory were tagged on each of 25 trees at each site. Before treatment applications, one leaf was

Phthorimaea absoluta (Meyrick) is a globally significant pest of tomato crops, capable of causing up to 100 % yield losses under high infestation levels. The continuous use of chemical insecticides has led to the evolution of resistant P. absoluta populations, resulting in frequent control failures in the field. This scenario extends to the entomopathogenic bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Berliner)

Modern agriculture is increasingly adopting intelligent technologies to enhance productivity while minimizing production costs and reducing adverse environmental impacts. A prime example of this synergy is the use of image processing to identify weeds, enabling targeted herbicide spraying with autonomous devices such as robots and drones. This approach not only reduces production costs but also ensures

The sugarcane borer, Diatraea saccharalis (F.), is the main insect pest on sugarcane in the Americas. Recently, transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) sugarcane is planted in Brazil to control D. saccharalis. Resistance development is the greatest challenge for the sustainability of Bt crop biotechnology. Inheritance and fitness costs of resistance are essential information needed in developing effective

To address the issues of pesticide deposition in non-target areas, pesticide drift leading to environmental pollution, and low pesticide utilization rates associated with traditional orchard spraying methods, a target-specific variable spraying prototype based on LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) canopy profiling was designed. The prototype employed a 3D LiDAR sensor as a detector and utilized the

Defining and forecasting the life cycle and population dynamics of thrips depend on understanding their developmental and reproductive responses to varying temperatures. The goal of this investigation was to gather precise data on biological fitness and demographic parameters of Thrips parvispinus on two selected hosts (Chilli, Capsicum annuum; Solanaceae and Beans, Phaseolus vulgaris; Leguminosae)

The caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis is one of the most important defoliating pests of soybean crops in the Americas. Control of A. gemmatalis, is primarily achieved with chemical insecticides; however, populations of this species have developed resistance to certain chemical molecules. Therefore, insecticides with different modes of action should be evaluated to control this pest. The objective

Damage and consumption of crops by vertebrates represent a significant source of conflict between humans and wildlife. This is particularly relevant in the context of small-fruit crops, such as blueberries, which are highly conspicuous, small-sized, and situated close to the ground, allowing a wide range of vertebrate species to swallow them whole and in large quantities. In the present study, we assessed

Whiteflies are major agricultural pests, and their sustainable management depends on effective biological control strategies. This study investigates the preference, the host performance and the host feeding behavior of two key parasitoid species, Eretmocerus corni and Eretmocerus hayati, against Bemisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum. To assess host selection, parasitism, host-feeding, emergence

Fig canker is a multi-agent and complex disease, and since its identification, Diaporthe canker, primarily caused by Diaporthe cinerascens, has emerged as one of the most persistent and destructive diseases affecting fig trees in regions such as Iran, California, Canada, and Italy. The economic implications of this disease are considerable, further aggravated by the lack of effective therapeutic interventions

The foxglove aphid (FA), Aulacorthum solani, is a soybean pest that threatens food security. However, few studies on soybean plant resistance to FAs with resistance to Aulacorthum solani (Raso) genes have been conducted in Korea and Japan. Understanding how FAs infiltrate soybean plant tissues and identifying the location of resistance are crucial for the effective management of insect pests. This

Canola is an essential oilseed in global agriculture, contributing to the economic, social, and environmental sectors due to its versatility and nutritional value. Despite the notable growth of canola in Brazil, weed management poses a challenge due to the scarcity of registered selective herbicides and the prohibition of transgenics, resulting in productivity losses. Therefore, it is crucial to develop

The cassava lacebug, Vatiga illudens (Drake) (Hemiptera: Tingidae), is a pest that feeds on cassava foliage, significantly reducing the yield of tuberous roots. Recently introduced to Asia, this invasive exotic pest has been reported only in Indonesia, where it poses a serious threat to cassava cultivation. This study aimed to determine the resistance levels of ten Indonesian cassava cultivars to V