Two-dimensional ultrasonic-assisted grinding (2D-UAG) is a highly efficient process for brittle materials. Compared to conventional grinding (CG) and one-dimensional ultrasonic-assisted grinding (1D-UAG), the surface quality of workpieces can be further improved. Unidirectional carbon-fiber-reinforced silicon carbide composites (UD-Cf/SiCs) have a wide range of applications in engineering. However

Traditional single-function lightweight structure excels in a specific application scenario such as energy absorption, but is difficult to meet the multi-function requirements of the complex working environment for the high-end equipments. In this paper, a novel quasi-zero stiffness (QZS) metamaterial is proposed based on the topological design combining the positive and negative stiffness units, to

Ice accumulation has driven the demand for low ice adhesion surfaces, but inadequate understanding of the debonding mechanism has hindered progress, especially as size dependence further complicates analysis and undermines evaluation reliability. Although a mainstream view attributes the behavior to toughness-controlled debonding, a universal mechanism applicable to continuous size variations remains

Delayed resonator (DR) as an active vibration absorber can achieve a zero antiresonance point of the primary structure at a given frequency by manipulating the loop delay, yielding the so-called complete vibration suppression. Achieving zero antiresonance, however, is usually penalized by the significantly raised resonance peaks, risking structural safety. Here, we aim to limit the resonance while

In this paper, the fiber breaking displacements (FBDs) of ceramic-matrix composites (CMCs) under tensile loading were systematically investigated using a micromechanical approach. The micro strain fields of fibers before and after breaking were analyzed for five different damage states, i.e., isolated fiber breakage away from matrix cracking, as well as fiber breakage surrounding single, long, medium

Metallic foams have emerged as promising materials for mitigating the adverse effects of implants on surrounding tissues by replicating the stiffness and structural symmetry of bone. In current fabrication technologies, porosity is widely recognized as the primary topological factor for tuning stiffness and strength. However, as an isotropic parameter, porosity inadequately captures the influence of

The accurate determination of the size-parameters is crucial for the application of the non-classical continuum theory to characterize the size-effects. This study takes into account of the size-effects and multiple influencing factors and utilizes the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in conjunction with the machine learning (ML) technique for the precise calibration of the size-parameters required

This article presents and assesses a framework for estimating temperature fields in real time for food-freezing applications, significantly reducing computational load while ensuring accurate temperature monitoring, which represents a promising technological tool for optimizing and controlling food engineering processes. The strategy is based on (i) a mathematical model of a convection-dominated problem

Responsive liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs), being able to convert ambient energy into sustainable motions, have promoted the development of smart systems recently. However, the design of the LCE system and the corresponding nonlinear dynamics analysis remain a challenging task. In this paper, a novel opto-mechanical coupled nonlinear system composing a light-powered LCE fiber is proposed and its self-excited

This work presented a new ultrasonic-magnetic-coaxial hybrid gas shielded tungsten arc welding (U-M-GTAW) method by mechanically coupling ultrasonic and magnetic fields on the GTAW torch to overcome the limitations of conventional GTAW in terms of low energy density and shallow penetration. The arc characteristics under different welding modes (DC, AC, pulse, AC-pulse) were studied using a high-speed

The formation mechanisms of interlayer interface defects in friction-rolling additive manufacturing are yet to be investigated systematically. This study employs the emergency-stop technique, in-situ measurements, and metallographic characterization to investigate the interface morphology, transient temperature, and deposition forces in the action zone during the deposition, thereby revealing the formation

In this paper, the applicability and efficiency of ventilation duct (VD) as a novel passive drag reduction method for Hyperloop pod were investigated using 3-D numerical simulations. Ventilation duct connects the upstream and downstream parts of the pod, increasing the effective cross-sectional area and reducing drag caused by choked flow between the pod walls and the external tube. This study introduces

The self-heating method, which is based on the measurement of temperature evolution of a specimen during cyclic loading, makes it possible to considerably reduce characterization times. The aim of this paper is to propose a test protocol at very high frequency (20 kHz) and very high temperature (up to 1000 °C), as well as an ad hoc analysis method to determine the dissipative sources field responsible

Honeycomb structures are widely used for energy-absorption subjected to in-plane and out-of-plane crushing loads. In our previous work, a self-locking honeycomb was proposed for energy absorption under out-of-plane compression, achieving an effective balance between fabrication cost and energy absorption performance in high energy absorption scenarios. However, the honeycomb energy-absorbing performance

3-power law creep of high entropy alloys (HEAs) is different from that of conventional alloys. In order to help comprehend the relation between microstructure evolution and macroscopic creep response, three dominant mechanisms related to dislocation movements are considered in this work, i.e. dislocation climb, thermally activated dislocation glide and viscous glide. Thereinto, the influence of dislocation

Axial piston pumps, renowned for their compactness and resistance to cavitation, often face stability and vibration challenges due to complex component interactions. This study proposes a novel multi-rigid-body dynamic model incorporating 18 lumped mass points (LMPs) and 90 degrees of freedom. Using the Lagrange equation and an explicit-implicit method, the model efficiently solves for transient dynamics

Modeling concrete failure under extreme events, such as hypervelocity impact, air-blast loading, or water impact, has long been an open research area in the engineering mechanics community. Over the years, numerous concrete constitutive models capturing failure have been developed and effectively applied within traditional computational techniques, such as the finite element method (FEM). However,

As a type of shape-programmable soft materials, hard-magnetic soft materials (HMSMs) exhibit rapid and reversible deformations under applied magnetic fields, showing promise for soft robotics, flexible electronics, and biomedical devices. The realization of various controllable shape transformations is crucial to the rational design of relevant applications. However, due to highly nonlinear relation

This study presents a novel approach to enhancing crashworthiness by investigating bio-inspired Voronoi panels modeled after the gradient cellular architecture of pomelo peel. The panels, fabricated using 3D additive fused filament fabrication (FFF) with PLA, feature controlled variations in cellular density, cellular-density-distribution, and wall thickness. A key innovation lies in the design of

Gear teeth wear is an inevitable fault in the gear transmission system, which will change tooth profile shape, tooth contact behavior, and system response. Traditional tooth wear models have limited accuracy because they neglect both the worn tooth profile’s effect on contact pressure or the varying sliding distances of discretized points on the tooth profile. Therefore, an improved teeth wear model

Theoretical understanding is essential for revealing wrinkling mechanisms, characterizing wrinkle behaviors, and guiding the design of thin films. However, existing studies on stretch-induced wrinkling in thin films still exhibit significant limitations in describing non-uniform wrinkle characteristics and post-buckling bifurcation evolution. This paper presents a novel wrinkle bifurcation theory based

Flat-footed passive walking robots have recently attracted increasing attention due to their ability to generate humanoid gait patterns. As a typical nonlinear system, subtle variations in structural parameters, particularly rearfoot length, can substantially affect gait characteristics. This paper examines the effect of rearfoot length on traditional gait parameters, such as step length and cycle

Mechanical behavior and phase transition mechanisms of nano-diamond (ND)-doped polycrystalline graphite (NG) heterostructures (NDG) are investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Simulations cover a range of loading conditions, uniaxial compression, triaxial confinement and shear, to examine stress-driven structural evolution and localized

Instrumented indentation technology has been recognized as an efficient method for determining the mechanical properties of metallic materials; however, it has been noted that existing research predominantly focuses on metals without yield plateau, which leaves a gap in understanding those that exhibit this behavior. In this work, a novel single indentation-based estimation technique is introduced

The development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has been constrained by impact safety concerns. This study aims to provide novel failure mechanisms of LIBs under different impact loadings to improve their safety performance. Using a self-made dynamic in-situ monitoring system, the force-electrical-thermal evolution of batteries subjected to various punches are investigated and the effects of state

Digital Twin offers a novel methodology for structural health monitoring (SHM) across various fields. This paper proposes an integrated digital twin framework that combines monitoring and simulation for SHM and life prediction of critical structural components. The framework incorporates the Mask R-CNN network to extract damage-related features from structural response field images and employs the

This study focuses on a high-power module based on an insulated metal substrate (IMS) and an insulated gate bipolar transistor. Furthermore, this research aims to propose a process-oriented methodology of finite element simulation to describe the warpage behavior induced by the manufacturing of a high-power module with a thin IMS. Experimental data on the material properties of epoxy drive investigations

This study presents an innovative ultrasonic (US) and magnetic field (MF) assisted wire electrical discharge machining-electrochemical machining (WEDM-ECM) complex process, designed to enhance the microstructural and mechanical properties of the surface metamorphic layers (SML). A thermomechanical coupling model was developed to characterize the distribution of temperature, stress and strain fields

Inertial confinement fusion (ICF) imposed stringent demands on the quality of the ICF microspheres. To achieve non-destructive manipulation during the detection process of ICF microspheres, a novel piezoelectric acoustic tweezer based on the standing wave is proposed. This tweezer addresses damage issues caused by hard-contact handling by utilizing six piezoelectric plates and a metal container to

Acoustic waves are physical phenomena that propagate in all directions and exhibit inherent randomness, leading to a significant challenge for their suppression in natural and engineering environments. Conventional sound absorbers frequently fail to adequately suppress lower-frequency broadband acoustic waves originating from multi-directional sources, especially for absorbing sound waves with large

This paper establishes a novel analytical framework for characterizing the contact behaviors of viscoelastic solids through energy dissipation analysis. The key innovation lies in developing a physics-based coefficient of restitution model that explicitly correlates with viscoelastic material properties. The equations of displacement velocities in both compression and restitution phases are first derived

The initial behavior of multi-principal element alloys (MPEAs) is crucial to understanding their deformation mechanism. However, its orientation dependence remains poorly understood. The initial plastic behavior of three typical crystal planes (100), (110) and (111) of FeNiCr MPEA was investigated by nanoindentation experiments, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and density functional theory (DFT)

In ocean engineering, curved structures are commonly used in various marine applications, including unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) and autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). However, the interaction between underwater explosions (UNDEX) and such elastic-plastic curved structures remains insufficiently understood, particularly regarding bubble dynamics and water jet loading near deformable boundaries

In material design, preventing crack propagation is crucial for improving structural reliability and extending service life. Here, we report a new phenomenon where the soft β-Li phase in Mg alloys coexists with the hard α-Mg phase, and very hard Al2RE precipitates form at the interface between the β-Li and α-Mg phases, exhibiting a multiphase heterogeneous microstructure. By using X-ray tomography

This study systematically investigates the effects of strain rate and temperature on the compression behaviors of a resin/alumina interpenetrating phase composite (IPC). Specimens are fabricated by infiltrating resin into alumina foam under vacuum condition. Uniaxial compression tests are conducted across a broad range of strain rates (0.001–2000 s−1) and temperatures (25–120 °C) with a universal testing

Understanding droplet dynamics is essential for advancing biotechnology and material science. However, studies investigating droplet behavior on rotating soft substrates remain limited. This work addresses this gap by exploring the underlying physical mechanism of deionized water droplet dynamics and transport on rotating soft substrates, providing both experimental insights and theoretical scaling

Nickel-based single-crystal (NBSX) superalloys applied to turbine blades on advanced aero-engines, suffer from the creep degradation induced by microstructure evolution at high temperatures. Here, our experiments revealed a unique morphology change of γ' phase in NBSX superalloys during rafting, i.e. the fusion of adjacent γ' phase domains first appeared at both vertices of the vertical channel, rather

This study proposes a novel phase field method (PFM) for analyzing thermal fracture in temperature-dependent materials. The method is derived from a thermodynamically consistent framework that explicitly accounts for the temperature dependence of material properties, introducing new heat source terms related to strain rate, phase field rate, and phase field gradient rate. Building on phase field cohesive

Continuum robots have emerged as a promising solution for robotic applications ranging from medical interventions to structural inspections. However, their capabilities are often limited by restricted deformation modes and a reduced range of motion, especially when operating near their base due to the minimum length of conventional actuation modules. This study introduces compact hybrid-drive actuator

Designing phononic crystals (PCs) with irregular scatterer geometries is a computationally intensive and challenging task, typically requiring iterative optimization and extensive numerical simulations. Here, we propose a deep learning (DL) framework capable of predicting geometric structures of PCs from specified dispersion properties. Our model comprises a convolutional autoencoder (AE) and a fully

To address the need for lightweight, broadband vibration isolation in underwater actuators, this study introduces a novel sine-curved strut lattice (SCSL). The SCSL integrates sinusoidal geometry into conventional lattice structures to optimize mechanical properties and vibration isolation performance. Unlike traditional straight-strut lattices, the SCSL reduces nodal stress concentration while enhancing

Designing trigonally and hexagonally symmetric triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) sheet structures offers a new approach for creating lightweight and multi-functional metamaterials. Unlike the extensively studied TPMS structures with cubic symmetries, the mechanical response of trigonally and hexagonally symmetric TPMS sheet structures is in-plane isotropic and yet the properties out-of-plane can

In natural phenomena and industrial applications, bubble evolution is often governed by complex inter-bubble interactions and boundary effects. However, the evolution of tandem bubbles near boundaries has not been thoroughly investigated in existing studies. The interface-sharpening six-equation multiphase model is capable of accurately capturing rapid topology evolution at gas–liquid interfaces, enabling

Many researches on asymmetric or one-way transmission mostly focus on one mode type of the elastic waves, but there is little work on asymmetric transmission of multiple modes in the same structure. The beam-like structures are designed in this paper to allow four different modes of the elastic waves to be asymmetrically transmitted. We investigate the band structures of the designed phononic beams

Chemo-mechanical coupled mode II fracture frequently occurs in energy exploitation and national defense applications. In this work, we investigate mode II fracture behavior in corrosive environments and establish chemo-mechanical coupled models for complex stress conditions. In localized regions, chemical attack alters crack surface morphology and increases geometric bluntness at the crack tip, resulting

Replacing roller bearings with journal bearings in the planetary gears of the wind power gearbox shows promising potential. A tribodynamic model was developed to analyze the wear performance of the planetary gear journal bearing, incorporating dynamic time-varying effects. The applied load of the journal bearing from the gearbox was simulated using a kinematic alternative system with three gears. A

Hadron therapy is a medical treatment that employs hadronic particles (e.g. carbons ions, protons) to treat tumours. Carbon ions are very effective among the different hadrons employed due to their high and localized energy deposition. Their use is, however, limited because of the high cost and size of facilities required to handle these particles. Some treatment facilities being studied include a

A deployed six-crease thick-panel origami model can be approximated as a three-dimensional shape, and therefore has great potential for use in the design of curved-surface deployable structures. In this study, a thick-panel six-crease origami was designed and analysed, which revealed a single degree of freedom during deployment. An analytical relationship between the thick-panel origami and the deployable

The noise radiated by aero-engines can be efficiently reduced by acoustic liners. Due to their exceptional mid- to high-frequency attenuation capabilities, porous material liners have drawn a lot of attention recently. However, instead of the microstructural design on porous material liners to silence ducts, more concentration was placed on the prediction of the noise attenuation behavior for the supplied

This study proposes an experimental data processing technique integrating micro-CT scanning and high-speed imaging to clarify the causes of irregular chip shape and its relationship with the tool-chip contact area. The technique includes extending the chip formation definition to include the torsional zone, analyzing irregular helical chips geometrically, and reconstructing the spatial posture of the

High-speed aircraft generally endure complex and random vibration environments, thus mitigating random vibrations in the wing is critical to ensuring flight safety. Nonlinear acoustic metamaterials (NAM) provide efficient ways for structural vibration reduction. This paper investigates the random aeroelastic vibration of a supersonic NAM wing plate, which has never been studied. Based on a theoretical

Additive manufacturing (AM), particularly laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF), has enabled the fabrication of titanium (Ti)-based lattice structures with triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS), offering great promise in hard tissue engineering. For successful implant integration, such structures must exhibit an elastic modulus within the physiological range of 1 to 30 GPa, while also requiring effective

A lateral Casimir force will exert on the nanoparticle when it rotates near a dielectric surface because of the symmetry breaking caused by the particle rotation. We study the lateral Casimir force acting on an InSb nanoparticle rotating near a topological insulator Bi2Se3 plate. It is found that the lateral Casimir force in such a frame can be enhanced evidently compared with that exerting on a SiC

Phononic crystals, as artificial composite materials, exhibit bandgap characteristics that strongly depend on the geometry of the unit cell. This study proposes an innovative machine learning-driven framework for the inverse design of phononic crystals (PnCs). First, we developed a new hybrid framework that integrates variational autoencoders (VAE) with Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), establishing

Stiffened cylindrical shells are widely used in aerospace engineering for their high specific stiffness and strength. However, fillets—inevitable in manufacturing—critically affect key structural properties such as stiffness, weight, and load-carrying capacity, especially in configurations with dense stiffeners. Despite their significant influence, these features have largely been omitted from optimization

Porous sintered silver is increasingly recognized as a key interconnection material for future high-temperature power device packaging due to its excellent thermal performance and mechanical properties. However, accurately predicting the creep behavior of porous sintered silver remains challenging. To address this, an enhanced FFT-based homogenization method was implemented to efficiently analyze the

Multi-effector micro-manipulator (MEMM) systems are favored for transporting and manipulating targets due to their multiple degrees of freedom (multi-DOF) operation capabilities. However, the complex structure adopted to achieve multi-DOF operation capabilities poses a great challenge to the improvement of the MEMM performance, especially the speed and precision. In this study, a multi-DOF piezo-array

Metamaterials are renowned for their unique properties, but most have fixed properties once fabricated. Tensegrity metamaterials offer tunable mechanical properties by adjusting prestress, making them excellent for load-bearing and energy absorption. However, tensegrity structures’ inherent self-equilibrium and stability demand complex geometries with irregular angles and pre-tensions, restricting

Post weld heat treatment (PWHT) is widely applied to improve the performance and eliminate residual stresses of the welded joint in the field of pressure vessels. However, a significant challenge arises in conducting in-situ evaluations of the local PWHT effectiveness during the manufacturing. The absence of reliable testing methods and instructive assessment cases make it difficult to carry out in