OBJECTIVE Mouse models, human testicular tissue models, and clinical intervention studies have suggested that the RANKL-inhibitor denosumab, normally used to treat osteoporosis, can improve semen quality in a sub-population of infertile men. This trial aimed to determine whether denosumab could improve sperm concentration in infertile men selected by serum AMH ≥ 38 pmol/L. DESIGN A double-blinded,

OBJECTIVE To study if there is an increasing risk of poor reproductive outcomes associated with age in IVF patients using donor oocytes and when it becomes clinically relevant. DESIGN Multicenter, retrospective cohort study SUBJECTS: IVF patients ≥35 years at 19 private fertility clinics in Spain. EXPOSURE A single day 5 embryo from a donor oocyte (<35 years) transferred to the IVF patient undergoing

This month’s Views and Reviews opens a window to the future. What lies on the horizon for assisted reproduction and gamete/embryo biology? We focus on in vitro gametogenesis and germline editing. Czukiewska et al. reviewed the current state of the science of female germ cell development. This well-supported section recognizes the progress made and the unique aspect of oogenesis that makes full maturation

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness and safety of Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (MPA) and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone antagonist (GnRHant) protocols in vitrified donor oocyte cycles and expand the current evidence on their clinical outcomes DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study SUBJECTS: This study included 14,981 recipients who received vitrified oocytes coming from 3,599 donors stimulated with MPA

Male infertility poses a substantial clinical challenge, affecting 8-12% of couples worldwide. The underlying causes of this condition range from cancer treatments to congenital disorders. The present approach to fertility preservation entails the cryopreservation of sperm for post-pubertal males. However, this method offers limited options for prepubertal patients and those with non-obstructive azoospermia

OBJECTIVE To verify the anti-Müllerian hormone cut-off (3.2 ng/mL) for the determination of polycystic ovarian morphology as part of the latest polycystic ovary syndrome diagnosis in an independent prospective cohort of women of reproductive age. DESIGN A prospective, population-based, non-interventional study. SUBJECTS Women enrolled in the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986, and women born in the

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between vanishing twin syndrome (VTS) and adverse neonatal outcomes in singleton live births resulting from frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. SUBJECTS This retrospective study involved a total of 14,583 women who underwent FET cycles and resulted in a live singleton newborn from January 2015 to June 2022. EXPOSURE Women

OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatment with functional ovarian reserve parameters and in vitro fertilization outcomes of poor ovarian responders and women with primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) who refused oocyte donation. DESIGN Observational, retrospective, multicentric cohort study SUBJECTS: Three hundred and fifty-three women who underwent

Obesity rates are rising and patients with obesity may disproportionately seek fertility preservation and fertility treatment due to higher risk of related disease. At the same time, IVF centers across the United States are increasingly setting BMI cut-offs above which treatment will not be provided. Patients experience these limits as another example of stigma in healthcare as well as an access challenge

OBJECTIVE To evaluate availability of usable blastocysts and blastulation from donor oocytes fertilized with surgically retrieved sperm among patients with obstructive azoospermia (OA) and non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) compared with ejaculated sperm DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study SETTING: A multi-center assisted reproductive technology practice SUBJECTS: Patients that used fresh or frozen donor

The past half century has witnessed a dramatic decline in human fertility as reflected in the total fertility rate. This decline in total fertility rate is thought to have been triggered by an increase in resources and knowledge that precipitated a significant decline in infant mortality. This, in turn, led to a reduction in the desire of couples to have large families, supported in recent times by

To determine the prevalence of an ultrasound-defined chorionic bump (CB) in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) population and its association with clinical loss, preterm delivery, and additional pregnancy complications.

To provide an overview of cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP) including its risk factors and diagnosis, describe a case of CSP managed via robot-assisted laparoscopic resection, and provide eight tips for minimally invasive surgical management of such cases. Currently, there is no gold standard treatment for CSP. Therefore, treatment options include a wide array of surgical and nonsurgical therapies. The

This Views and Reviews is a series of articles on special considerations for assisted reproductive technology in patients with medically complex disease. Each piece combines a review of the literature with expert opinion on the provision of safe fertility care in the settings of cardiac disease, pulmonary disease, obesity, and hematologic disease. These articles highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary

Germline gene editing refers to altering the DNA in the reproductive cells (gametes or embryos). Germline gene editing experiments in human embryos have primarily focused on correcting genetic mutations linked to inherited diseases. This technology has the potential to prevent genetic disease before birth and in future generations. Advances in CRISPR-Cas9 and other gene-editing tools have accelerated

In vitro gametogenesis offers a powerful platform to explore the complexities of female germline development while bypassing ethical and technical barriers in human and non-human primate research. This systematic review examined 23 articles that reported meiotic entry from differentiated pluripotent stem cells or ex vivo–cultured fetal germ cells from humans, cynomolgus monkeys or marmosets and were

To examine early embryo development of fresh vs. vitrified oocytes fertilized with microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) sperm from men with nonobstructive azoospermia.

To assess the effects of relugolix combination therapy in women with uterine fibroids (UFs) and concomitant ultrasound-diagnosed adenomyosis.

Although a routine semen analysis and an endocrine evaluation (usually of the gonadotropins and androgen levels) are the cornerstone of clinical diagnostic evaluation of the male seeking evaluation and treatment of the couple with infertility, in recent years, the American Urological Association/American Society for Reproductive Medicine Practice Guidelines for Male Infertility stressed the importance

To demonstrate a laparoscopic surgical technique for reconstructing posttraumatic uterine isthmus separation in an adolescent patient, focusing on anatomical restoration and fertility preservation.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of endometrial thickness on live birth among autologous assisted reproduction cycles. DESIGN Retrospective cohort SUBJECTS: All women undergoing autologous cycles with transfers in 2016-2018 reported to the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology. EXPOSURE Endometrial thickness on the day of ovulation trigger in fresh cycles and closest to embryo transfer in frozen-thawed

Populations with hematologic disorders seeking fertility care often present with a complex clinical picture, including disease-specific sequelae and comorbid conditions. Limited literature exists to help guide fertility clinics on the management of these patients, many of whom require multidisciplinary care coordination centered on patient-specific fertility goals. Thanks to advancements in life-prolonging

To study whether an online fertility workup with video consultation is noninferior to a regular consultation with face-to-face contact in terms of patient-centeredness and shared decision-making.

To determine the number of mature oocytes required to make at least three euploid blastocysts.

To assess whether polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increases the risk of persistent hypertension in women with a history of pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder (PHD).

To demonstrate the feasibility and skills of hysteroscopic embryonic resection in biochemical pregnancy.

To compare anesthesia and assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes in patients with a body mass index (BMI) of 40–44.9 kg/m2 with those with a BMI of ≥45 kg/m2 because these patients are often excluded from care.

Azoospermia is the most severe form of male factor infertility presenting approximately 1% of the male population and 5%–10% of infertile men. Azoospermia is classified into two categories: obstructive azoospermia and nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA). Currently, microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) is still the primary approach especially for cases with NOA. However, there are still