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Amidst an increasing popularity of Assisted Return (AR) programmes amongst European states, on the one hand, and criticism pertaining to their voluntary and humanitarian nature, on the other hand, this paper maps AR programmes across Europe. It contains a first comprehensive overview of 45 ongoing AR programmes across 27 countries in the European Economic Area (EEA) and outlines their commonalities

There is growing scholarly and policy interest in understanding how destination and transit countries develop return migration policies and collaborate with origin countries. This study investigates the dynamics, drivers and outcomes of the collaborative process between Turkish and Afghan authorities in governing the return of Afghan migrants. Drawing on the concept of return diplomacy, derived from

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State in modern times has seen globalization accentuating the phenomena of various types of irregular migration as it has brought about newer opportunities of life and livelihoods across the oceans in hitherto distant lands. Conversely, even though these irregular migrants encounter many obstacles along the route, they risk their lives in the hopes of securing a better future for themselves and their

The EU tries to dissuade potential migrants from coming to Europe irregularly. However, can EU-promoted narratives compete with local ones and actually influence migratory decision-making? This article investigates how local migration narratives of potential migrants interrelate with the narratives put forward in EU-funded migration information campaigns. Building upon focus groups and interviews conducted

Much research has been carried out on (retirement) return migration, emphasizing the importance of family ties, infrastructure, the healthcare system and social relationships as factors that often boost non-return. Less research, however, has looked at the biographies of older migrants from a phenomenological and social-constructivist approach and how return is part of one's biographical narration

When Zimbabwean migrants age, they often retire and permanently return to their families in their home country. Before that, they periodically visit home on holidays and for family functions such as weddings, funerals or burials. Otherwise, they spend much of their lives abroad. Following their ‘retirement return’, several dynamics emerge about their reintegration, power dynamics and care needs within

Since 2015, about 7.9 million Venezuelans left their country due to political turmoil, socio-economic instability, and the ongoing humanitarian crisis. The Andean Corridor is the most frequented land route in South America. This article explores Venezuelan migrants' experiences with the COVID-19 pandemic on their journeys. Migrants undertake spatial movements and phases of staying, here conceived of

This study investigates how African and Haitian migrants and asylum seekers in transit through Mexico utilise the concept of vulnerability, as defined by current migration management systems, to secure protection and legal status. Through ethnographic fieldwork conducted with 30 migrants in Mexico from 2021 to 2023, the research employs semi-structured interviews and longitudinal follow-ups to understand

Drawing on qualitative interview data and document analysis, this article traces the making of interoperability between databases as a policy response to Europe's crisis-laden management of migration. It argues that, rather than adhering to a singular logic, the policy enacts several modes of ordering through which actors employ distinct meanings and rationales, deal with challenges and complexities

Most migration-information campaigns (MICs) funded by European countries or the European Union (EU) itself, with the collaboration of international and transnational organisations, have been targeting central and western Africa as origin areas for several undocumented migrants. In 2019, the International Organisation for Migration (IOM) launched WAKA Well, an innovative campaign in the form of a website

The forced migration of the long-persecuted Rohingya minority group from the Rakhine State of Myanmar has created a chronic refugee crisis in neighbouring Bangladesh. This paper examines the potential for, and challenges to, local integration of the Rohingya into Bangladesh. Based on interview data, this paper analyses the factors that facilitated the de facto local integration of Rohingya into Bangladeshi

The article takes cognizance of a citizenship register called the National Register of Citizens (NRC) and comprehends it within the larger framework of a digital citizenship discourse. The NRC is a register that documents ‘authentic citizens’, based on documentary evidence, termed as the ‘legacy data’ (lineage of forefathers), and proof of residence of persons before a cut-off date of 24 March 1971

COVID-19 resulted in global restrictions on migration, with pronounced consequences in Australia, where the resettlement of refugees was significantly curtailed from March 2020. This research, comprising a third phase in an ongoing study on refugee settlement and integration, seeks to understand the broader implications of these restrictions on family separation and reunion among resettled refugees

The concept of migration governance has captured scholarly attention in recent decades. In this paper, we present the results of a bibliometric analysis and a scoping review of this concept and explore how it is defined by authors across the social sciences. Based on our sample of literature, we find that a majority of definitions assume a state-sovereignty perspective of migration governance, leading

This paper uses a unique, linked administrative data file to examine the impact of language training and employment-related services on the employment income of the first wave of Syrian refugees admitted to Canada between 2015 and 2016. The analysis reveals a significant positive relationship between refugees' access to employment-related services and higher employment income. However, this positive

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In the Finnish–Russian migratory context, return migration does not exist as such. In this article, we examine the non‐return migration of Russian‐speaking elderly migrants through the lens of the transnational everyday. The transnational everyday of Russians in Finland has, until recently, enabled their back‐and‐forth trips from Finland to Russia. The combination of Finnish and Russian migratory regimes

The end of a person's active life is often a key moment in the emergence of new life projects involving, in particular, important issues linked to the choice of the place of residence or even the adoption of poly‐residence practices. It is within this framework that many retired Moroccan immigrants in France choosing to return to Morocco as a residential choice for retirement are to be found in this

This article analyses the digitalisation of migration governance on the Brazil–Venezuela border. This digitalisation process ensued after the 2018 border militarisation through Operação Acolhida [Operation Welcome] and the adoption of international models spurred by a border security narrative. Based on a qualitative methodology, which included observation, interviews and documentary research, we examined

The internationalisation of higher education has revealed the importance of understanding the formation and dynamics of academic diasporas. Most studies focus on cohesive academic diasporas, overlooking fragmentation in diasporas as a central concern. In this paper, we define and theorise fragmented academic diaspora. The emergence of a highly fragmented diaspora of scholars from Turkey in the British

This study examined the extent to which time spent abroad contributes to human capital, using higher income as an indicator. Utilising Finnish register data, the study focused on returning migrants with higher education (N = 3497), matched with a reference population (N = 30,882). Time abroad was associated with a higher income level upon return amongst men (returnees €63,199, reference €55,982), but

Facial recognition will be integrated into EU biometric border control. In this article, we draw on theoretical insights from Deleuze and Guattari (2005), Browne (2010) and Amaro (2022) to construct a constellation of historical fragments of computing the face. We move away from a mere focus on bias in facial recognition algorithms and shift our attention towards the structural conditions that organise

The subject of the study was the reaction and self‐organization of Polish society to the sudden influx of war refugees from Ukraine after 24 February 2022. The mass response of the Polish society and the provision of aid to approximately 5 million Ukrainian refugees was a phenomenon extensively discussed in various forums. The situation required developing new crisis management mechanisms almost from

Some of the reasons for which political parties develop organizations abroad are to represent the emigrants, to mobilize them electorally and to provide support. So far, we know very little about how migrants think about and interpret these actions. To address this gap in the literature, our article aims to explain what drives migrants' perceptions that party organizations abroad represent their interests

The first Donald Trump Presidency created a hostile government context of reception for immigrants with its restrictionist approach to migration policy. Segmented assimilation theory argues that such regimes contribute to reactive ethnicity, which can involve increased identification with the origin culture and adversarial stances towards the receiving society. The current study examines this and other

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By building on the concept of preparedness, I demonstrate that return migration in older age requires a home, meaningful social relationships and pension income. More so, a framework for pension portability and taxation should be interpreted as morally just by returnees. The moral dimension encompasses meanings of fair taxation, the value of an older returnee and intergenerational solidarity within

The 2023 World Development Report, titled Migrants, Refugees, and Societies, analyses the state policies, laws, and labour market forces that determine the ability of migrants to improve their social and economic wellbeing. However, in its analysis the report adopts a state‐centric view, focusing predominantly on the state as the primary actor in the management of migration, thereby eliding a thorough

In this article, I engage with the return migration and ageing nexus from an intergenerational vantage point. I build on the analytical power of emotions to argue for paying careful attention to the salient emotional dimensions of migration and what I term the emotional politics of return migration. I discuss the relationality, multiple temporalities and elusiveness of return by drawing on in‐depth

Migration diplomacy has become a critical element of contemporary geopolitics, yet its complex dimensions remain underexplored. This article introduces a novel three‐level game framework to examine how foreign policy strategies leverage cross‐border mobility across domestic, bilateral and supranational dimensions. The 2020 Greek–Turkish border crisis serves as a case study to investigate how domestic

The return of Syrian refugees and internally displaced persons is occurring despite the absence of economic, political, social, and security infrastructures necessary for a voluntary, safe, and dignified return. Drawing from desk research and interviews conducted with 87 returnees in 2024, this paper explores the interactions between return processes and the Syrian government's citizenship policies

The Bangladeshi‐origin community is one of the largest, longest‐established and fastest‐growing migrant groups in the UK. For the first‐generation immigrants, retirement brings a threefold dilemma: stay put for the rest of their lives, surrounded by children and grandchildren; return to Bangladesh to enjoy a peaceful later‐life there; or adopt a to‐and‐fro transnational lifestyle. Interviews were conducted

This study examines the relationships between a comprehensive set of variables and subjective well‐being among a representative sample of 2554 male blue‐collar migrant workers in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. The results of multilevel modelling show that mental health, sense of safety and security, job satisfaction, housing and living environment, and institutional trust are among the key predictors

The actors who carry out migration information campaigns—and thus serve as ‘information senders’—vary greatly. Existing studies on the effectiveness of such campaigns typically focus on one case of an information campaign. It is difficult to compare these case studies because, in addition to the different implementing actors, they differ substantially in terms of the content conveyed and the ways they

Already before the full‐scale Russian aggression on Ukraine, Poland has been a country inhabited by autochthonous Ukrainians and has remained a popular destination for their co‐ethnic migrants from Ukraine. Many research on diasporic collectivities and their mutual relations identify various ‘diaspora segments’ or connections of ‘groups’ and ‘communities’ within the given diaspora. The focal point

The full‐scale aggression against Ukraine on 24 February 2022 caused an unprecedented humanitarian crisis. In Poland, most forced migrants settled in urban areas, turning cities into unique proving grounds for humanitarian assistance and testing their resilience capabilities. We explore this phenomenon using the case study of three medium‐sized cities with particular attention to the roles of and relationships

This study examines the relationship between socio‐economic factors and migration aspirations among Moldovans using a mixed‐methods approach. It combines quantitative analysis of demographic and economic variables with qualitative interviews to explore the factors that drive migration considerations. The findings show that economically disadvantaged individuals are less likely to migrate due to concerns

This research focuses on various social integration patterns, as perceived by both Eritrean asylum seekers and professionals from NGOs and the Tel Aviv municipality who assist them. The study explores various theoretical concepts such as social exclusion, adaptation, incorporation, and integration in the context of migrants' interaction with the host society. These concepts traditionally suggest a

This paper qualitatively probed the risk framing, mitigation and resilience strategies of irregular migrants in a bid to unravel the paradox of how such actors, perceived to be poor and as such may lack ideational and financial agency, with no guarantees of success, can (persistently) operationalize and undertake costly, illegal and dangerous international journeys. Drawing on responses from Europe‐based

International organizations and foreign‐funded NGOs run campaigns in Senegal to raise awareness of the perils of irregular migration. To increase their effectiveness, these organizations often enlist local migrant returnees to share their personal migration experiences and transmit an anti‐irregular migration message to their compatriots. This article examines whether policymakers' assumptions regarding

The refugee crisis is rooted in the host‐home schism, a fundamental disconnection between the host (the EU) and home (refugees' country of origin). This schism is generated by the EU's migratory policies resulting from the struggles between different political camps, and the resulting compromise between the far‐right/exclusive camp and the liberal camp. To assess this schism, we have conducted an in‐depth

This study utilized the Linear Probability Model to examine the determinants of food insecurity among migrant households in the Gauteng City region of South Africa. 13,616 households were selected using random sampling and a cross‐section design. The study findings showed that age and level of education reduce the probability of skipping a meal among internal and international migrant households. Having

The impact of climate change on the world has been significant, leading to various efforts to reduce its risks. This study aims to create a new index to measure the uncertainty surrounding migration due to climate change. It uses a range of international newspapers with a global readership. Although climate change has increasingly influenced migration decisions in vulnerable areas, there is still a

Over the past two decades, more than half a million children—mostly born and educated in the USA—have arrived in Mexico from the USA because of their parents' return migration. The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between their national identification, school trajectories and US nationality in a border city with high return migration. The methodology is based on the analysis of a school

Refugees enrolling in host country higher education can improve their position in the labour market. However, little is known about the patterns underlying enrolment, and existing studies have only examined explanations at the individual level. This is problematic because opportunities to enrol in education are also dependent upon structural factors, and by ignoring this, studies run the risk of depicting