Graded readers (GRs) are a popular language-learning resource, as they provide contextualized input adapted to any level. Still, their creation process is non-systematic and their quantity is limited. This article investigates, firstly, the progression of linguistic complexity in a series of Spanish GRs of consecutive levels, and secondly, whether literary works (LWs) targeted at specific age groups

Notwithstanding the wide consensus that English-medium instruction (EMI) in European higher education has grown explosively since the turn of the century (Wächter, B., and Maiworm, F. 2014. English-taught programmes in European higher education: The state of play in 2014. Bonn: Lemmens), there has been little research which addresses issues related to operationalizing EMI, nor has a pan-European update

This study explores how sentiment analysis, a natural language processing technique, can help to assess the accuracy of interpreting learners’ renditions. The data was obtained from a corpus consisting of 22 interpreting learners’ performance over a training period of 11 weeks and comparable professional interpreters’ performance used as a reference. The sentiment scores of learners’ output were calculated

Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools are reshaping academic writing, yet their impact on disciplinary voice in writing for publication remains underexplored. This study examines the integration of AI in a writing-for-publication course, using a pedagogical framework that emphasizes human-human interaction to develop feedback-seeking strategies. Fifty-five linguistically and disciplinarily diverse doctoral

Language is a fundamental part of students’ culture and identity, significantly impacting their academic experiences. Minoritized students often face linguistic discrimination through prescriptive ideologies or deficit views of their linguistic abilities. Latinx students, particularly, may encounter negative ideologies that undermine their bilingualism portraying them as incapable of speaking either

Sometimes we face material or practical troubles that require assistance from others to be resolved. While assistance can be mobilized through requests for assistance, it can also be mobilized through complaints. However, while L2 requests have been the object of numerous studies, there has been very little work examining how complaints can be used by L2 speakers to mobilize assistance. In this article

In this article, we examine how migrants with a language other than English background are exposed to linguistic discrimination in relation to the English-only discourse of their daily life in Australia, labelling such discrimination as everyday linguicism. By engaging in a scholarly conversation on subjectivity, discourse, and power, we conceptualize and make use of the notion linguicized subjectivity

This paper introduces the concept of AI-textuality that extends Bakhtin’s notion of intertextuality to encompass interactions involving texts produced by generative artificial intelligence (GenAI). Intertextuality provides a valuable lens for understanding how GenAI outputs are created through the assemblage of digital and multimodal texts from vast datasets. Building on this perspective, this paper

The present study investigated students’ perceptions of the presence or absence of Afro-Latinx representation in Spanish language textbooks and their suggestions for improving these representations. Critical race theory, critical language awareness, and critical discourse analysis were the theoretical frameworks guiding the study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 15 Spanish language

Presently, Kyrgyzstan remains the last former Soviet Turkic-speaking Central Asian Republic to use Cyrillic script with the possibility of undergoing Latinization. Our study investigates the attitudes of Kyrgyz speakers toward the present use of Cyrillic in Kyrgyzstan and a potential transition to Latin script. To investigate, we conducted a linguistic attitude survey that draws on three themes we

Metaphors can influence people’s reasoning because of their ability to highlight or hide features of the target domain. In this article, we investigate the extent to which different metaphorical frames lead to different policy recommendations that best fit with the structure of the frame, as well as the role of age and gender to account for variation in the responses. We rely on four naturalistic metaphorical

This study investigated the lexical proficiency of L2 learners of English and French. The aim of the study was two-fold. First, we examined the cross-sectional differences in productive vocabulary knowledge and vocabulary use between L2 learners in two grades. Second, we investigated the extent to which vocabulary knowledge and grade could predict vocabulary use in writing, operationalized as lexical

This study investigates the use of language play by Korean teachers of English as a foreign language in elementary classrooms. While previous research has extensively explored language play by learners, this paper shifts focus to teachers’ engagement with language play, including their own usage and responses to students’ language play. Utilizing the “Engagement with Language” (EWL) framework, the

Most students begin learning foreign languages in elementary school, and yet little research is conducted in this area. This mixed-methods study investigated teacher self-efficacy (TSE) among 138 classroom elementary teachers in Japan tasked with teaching English as a foreign language (EFL). Policymakers promote EFL in their schooling systems, but with a lack of specialist EFL teachers, many classroom

This article examines the performative reconfiguration of linguistic expertise and the mode of TESOL at the intersection of language teaching, networked technology, and the culture of ludification. Applying van Dijck and Alinejad’s (2020 ‘Social media and trust in scientific expertise: Debating the COVID-19 pandemic in The Netherlands’, Social Media + Society, 6/4) distinction of institutional versus

This study explores the experience of linguistic cooperation of migrants, focussing on their varying degrees of reliance on others for communication. It adopts an approach that draws theoretically on innovations in the understanding of competence beyond the cognitive-structuralist paradigm and more broadly on the importance of cooperation in the social sphere. Based on the lived experience of Gambian

With the increasingly popular use of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) tools in writing, a common policy regarding GenAI use requires students to self-disclose such use in writing. However, many students, especially second language (L2) writers, are concerned that disclosing GenAI use might negatively impact how teachers evaluate their work. This study, therefore, intends to investigate the

Digital pedagogies of empowerment are needed to shift discourses on marginalization, facilitate additional language learning, and sustain multilingualism. Grounded in plurilingualism and decoloniality as theoretical frameworks, this transformative mixed methods study explored the affordances of PluriDigit, a plurilingual, decolonial, and digital approach to language learning. This study was conducted

The fascination with crime, as evident from its extensive coverage in novels and on television, remains a topic of interest for the general public. This fascination often elicits responses rooted in deeply held values and can significantly impact individuals. Consequently, people’s attitudes toward interrogations, trials, and punishments may be strongly influenced by the discourse surrounding crime

Vaccine hesitancy remains one of the greatest challenges for global health. Previous research has shown that the recruitment of rational processes is increased in hypothetical decision-making scenarios when the underpinning information is presented in a foreign language. We investigate whether vaccine campaigns could benefit from this Foreign Language Effect (FLE) in order to overcome vaccine hesitancy

This study investigated the size of meaning-recall vocabulary knowledge and its variations across word-frequency and second language (L2) proficiency levels. Despite the extensive research history in determining lexical coverage and thresholds for effective L2 use, much of the evidence is based on measures of meaning-recognition vocabulary knowledge. Using a latent-trait approach, we calculated the

Linking adverbials is a crucial element in successful academic writing that is particularly challenging for both first and second-language learners to master. Drawing on a corpus of writing by mainstream students in UK schools, the current article explores the under-researched issues of how these forms develop across levels of study in an Anglophone context and how their use and development vary across

This study explores the use by examinees of claims of epistemic primacy, in the form of noun-copula clause constructions, as devices through which to perform the social action of disagreeing during group-based, task-oriented second language oral assessment tasks. Using a conversation analytic approach to examine sequences in which these disagreeing turns occur, we report on this turn format’s ability

Research funded by the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) exerts considerable influence over the trajectory of biomedical science and healthcare policy and practice. Here, we extend previous research by assessing the relationship between the expression of epistemic stance (i.e. confidence in propositions) in successful NIH funding applications and the subsequent research publications. Analysis

In the face of transnational mobility and migration, globally networked communities and super-diverse social environments, traditional research practices of speaker categorization such as the distinction between native and non-native speakers, first, second, and third language users and mono-, bi-, and pluri-/multilinguals, which rest on the assumption of categorical differences between types of speakers

A large mass of research has reported the significance and power of positive psychology (PP) constructs in second/foreign language (L2) education. As an offshoot of PP, altruistic teaching, which highlights teaching without self-focus, has recently initiated its way into L2 research territory. However, the way altruistic teaching influences L2 students’ academic literacy skills, such as abstract writing

Research yields contradictory results on the relationship between an individual’s spirituality, that is, the relationship with God/the Transcendent, and their cultural development. To address this gap, we conceptualize a model that investigates the effects of two spirituality dimensions, namely felt love for God and love for others, on the behavioral aspect of intercultural competence, that is, intercultural

One of the most powerful and enduring ideas in written discourse analysis is that genres can be described in terms of the moves which structure a writer’s purpose. Considerable research has sought to identify these distinct communicative acts, but analyses have been beset by problems of subjectivity, reliability, and the time-consuming need for multiple coders to confirm analyses. In this article,

While a growing body of literature has illustrated how neoliberal discourses of English and employment have come to shape English language teaching (ELT) textbooks in a globalized world, little is known about how the translation of these discourses into pedagogical practices is mediated by the social class structures in postcolonial societies. In this article, we draw on a larger qualitative case study

Lexical coverage, i.e. the extent to which words in a text are known, is considered an important predictor of reading comprehension, with studies suggesting 98% lexical coverage leads to adequate comprehension. However, no studies to date have examined how the various lexical coverage percentages suggested in the literature are reflected by the cognitive effort involved in processing text and the attention

The issue of the research of emotional lexemes is conditioned upon pragmatic relations, which constitute an important basis in the definition of expressive language units. The purpose of the research is to analyse features of emotional and expressive linguistic units, considering the cognitive and linguistic nature of words in M. Auezov’s work ‘The Way of Abai.’ The methods used to achieve the research

This ethnographic multiple-case study examines how undergraduate students are socialized into the disciplinary norms, values, and practices of a geoscience course at a Canadian university. Transcending logocentric assumptions about academic discourse, this article advances a broader domain of inquiry––multimodal academic discourse socialization––which foregrounds the polysemiotic nature of academic

The socio-educational model suggests that social milieu influences individual characteristics, which in turn affect engagement in learning contexts, ultimately impacting linguistic and non-linguistic outcomes. Operationalized representations of the model tend to focus on relations among integrativeness, attitudes to the learning situation, motivation, language anxiety, and language achievement. While

The concept of ‘mindfulness’ is widely discussed in relation to wellbeing and mental health. While extensive research in psychology has explored the benefits of mindfulness in treating various psychological conditions, little research has examined the language used to teach it. This article analyses linguistic choices in an introductory course on mindfulness meditation on the Headspace app. Twenty

Communication requires cooperative strategies by all interlocutors. Nevertheless, US undergraduate students’ complaints about multilingual international teaching assistants (ITAs) have typically led to training and assessment for ITAs, although the undergraduates may also benefit from training in global communication. The few previous undergraduate-training attempts have generally been too intensive

The last decade has seen an increased interest in heritage language education (HLE), yet only limited work is guided by in-group scholars and community members who themselves identify as heritage speakers (i.e. individuals with family connections to a non-English language). The present study addresses a lack of in-group representation in the research by investigating current barriers and opportunities

Drawing upon interviews with eight textbook authors working for a Middle Eastern Ministry of Education, this article explores the multifaceted constraints associated with the production of local TESOL textbooks. Significant challenges are at play stemming from tight production deadlines of just 2 months per textbook, thereby precluding any piloting of materials. Furthermore, severe MoE strictures regarding

This study examines the development of institutional policies on language testing, taking the case of a former British colony, Singapore. Using historical narrative inquiry to analyse the Ministry of Education’s archived documents, we investigate how institutions form part of the assessment ecosystem that continues to function in the present day. We identified two main themes in the development of

The advent of ChatGPT, a novel AI-powered language model able to create grammatically accurate and coherent texts, has generated considerable concern among educationalists anxious about its potential to enable cheating among students and to undermine the development of critical thinking, problem-solving, and literacy skills. The similarities and differences between ChatGPT texts and human writing,

Although university teaching styles have been investigated in both educational and applied linguistic research, a comprehensive linguistic analysis of teaching styles has yet to be explored. Previous educational studies have relied on perceptual measures (e.g. class observations or questionnaires) while linguistic studies have analyzed small sets of narrowly defined class sessions (e.g. monologic delivery

Measuring lexical diversity in texts that have different lengths is problematic because length has a significant effect on the number of types a text contains, thus hampering any comparison. Treffers-Daller et al. (2018) recommended a simple solution, namely counting the number of types in a section of a given length that was extracted from the middle of each of the texts to be analysed. By applying

Does it matter whether applicants are addressed with formal or informal pronouns in online job interviews? This study shows that it does indeed, at least for speakers of French and German. Both French (n = 171) and German (n = 198) participants were more positive about a recruiter who addressed them with formal pronouns. The use of informal pronouns led to negative ratings of that recruiter by French

Recent studies of proficiency measurement and reporting practices in applied linguists have revealed widespread use of unsatisfactory practices such as the use of proxy measures of proficiency in place of explicit tests. Learner corpus research is one specific area affected by this problem: few learner corpora contain reliable, valid evaluations of text proficiency. This has led to calls for the development

The way in which L2 learners construct pragmatic and social meanings, including stances and identities, is emerging as an important research concern. In this study, we explore how L2 learners develop the ability to construct and negotiate pragmatic and social meanings, with a focus on meanings manifested in specific contexts, namely, contextual meanings. Specifically, we trace the development made

In this study, we analyze the calls for action in a corpus of tweets with the hashtag #FashionRevolution, related to the 2020 Fashion Revolution week. We offer a linguistic analysis of the discourse of digital activism, relying on insights from pragmatics, discourse analysis, and argumentation. Our analysis focuses on the calls for action concerning the move towards a more sustainable fashion system

Evidence from Canada suggests that accent bias can be moderated by speakers’ demonstrated job-relevant performance and the prestige level of their occupation (Teló et al. 2022). In this study, we replicated Teló et al.’s (2022) work in Brazil. First language (L1) Brazilian Portuguese-speaking listeners rated audio recordings of L1 Brazilian Portuguese and L1 Spanish speakers along continua capturing

In a systematic examination of scales commonly used in L2 Motivational Self System (L2MSS) research, Al-Hoorie et al. (2024) found discriminant validity problems. Raising jangle fallacy concerns, they argue that substantive research should be paused until validity issues are ironed out. However, validity at the measurement level is dependent on validity at the construct level. Replication attempts

This study analyzes how English-medium instruction (EMI) content lecturers in Vietnam navigate opportunities and challenges of incentivization, institutional support, and disciplinary autonomy in a context of transnational academic expansion. It reports on interview data with bio-engineering lecturers from five universities. Findings show that, despite the lecturers’ understanding of the institutional

This study was conducted to investigate more efficient ways to support international students at the authors’ university, where a significant proportion of students speak English as an Additional Language (EAL). Recognizing limited success in holistic language development, the study assessed the impacts of a self-directed learning English course called Personalized English Language Enhancement (PELE)

This article examines the transformation of applied linguistics knowledge production in the Global South taking postcolonial Bangladesh as a case. In the 1990s, one could not locate even a dozen applied linguistics articles in international journals authored by Bangladeshi researchers. However, in about two decades, Bangladeshi researchers can claim hundreds of journal articles, book chapters, monographs

This article examines teacher ideologies and multilingual practices in teaching Arabic as a heritage language in the USA. Using indexicality and its nexus to language ideologies, it identifies the key index values assigned to Standard Arabic (SA) and how these shape teacher positioning for teaching Arabic heritage. The article also analyzes the extent to which these ideologies are congruent or incongruent

This applied study assesses the degree to which speakers re-use and acknowledge parts of one another’s utterances. This form of alignment is called resonance (DuBois 2014; Tantucci and Wang 2021), and is a decisive indicator of creativity and verbal engagement. Consistent absence of resonance indicates interactional detachment, which is distinctive of autistic speech (Tantucci and Wang 2023). We analysed

With chatbots becoming more and more prevalent in commercial and service contexts, they need to be designed to provide equitable access to services for all user groups. This paper argues that insights into users’ pragmatic strategies and rapport expectations can inform the audience design of chatbots and ensure that all users can equally benefit from the services they facilitate. The argument is underpinned

Applied linguistics has started to consider the importance of time for the understanding of meaning-making, for example in the conceptualization of chronotopes, or in stressing the relevance of speed and entrepreneurial views of the self for migrants. This study takes a step ahead by starting from the concept of memory as mobile, following Michel de Certeau (1990), and looking at the different ways

Research has demonstrated that features of lexical and lexicogrammatical use are important predictors of productive second language (L2) proficiency (e.g. Kyle et al. 2018). While some features of lexical use have been studied with L2s other than English (e.g. Tracy-Ventura 2017), multivariate lexical and lexicogrammatical approaches in these L2s are rare. In this study, we extend the use of multivariate

This linguistic ethnography was conducted in accommodated language education in Sweden, aimed at adult learners with deafness, hearing impairment, post-traumatic stress disorder, migration stress, or intellectual disability, here, focusing on the latter group, who attended Swedish language learning courses. We empirically investigate a decolonial crip literacy, by connecting language education to epistemic

In response to calls for an assessment tool that provides a separate performance dimension from the linguistic quality-oriented measures of complexity, accuracy, and fluency (CAF) and guided by systemic functional linguistic (SFL) theories, this study introduces a set of fine-grained objective measures of communication/content/function (CCF)-related performance in second language (L2) narratives and

Little is still known about how the language used in social protests affects people’s behavioral expressions of support. This study aims to bridge this gap and investigates the impact of dehumanizing and humorous language employed by protesters in their slogans on the decisions of other individuals to join or openly support such protests. Two experiments were conducted, revealing that exposure to dehumanizing

Across the texts constituting the laws of war, the word war is one of the most frequent lexical items, its dominant lexicogrammatical environment being in the phrase of war. While this combination seems unremarkable, given the durability of organized violence and the significance of this register for attempts to regulate the violence of war, the paper explores the ideological work of this phrase, including

This study examined second language (L2) learning difficulty of 13 Chinese grammatical constructions on the basis of teachers’ perceptions and associated the L2 learning difficulty of Chinese grammatical constructions with teacher-perceived learner grammatical competence and with the instructional levels. A total of 77 experienced teachers were invited to rate the learning difficulty of 13 Chinese