Urban drainage systems (UDSs) are vital for managing stormwater and wastewater but face growing challenges due to urbanization, climate change and aging infrastructure. Real-time control (RTC) enhances UDSs’ performance and circumvents the need for system upgrades through adaptive management and repurposing existing systems. Meanwhile, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has emerged as a promising tool

Valuable metal elements (VMEs) are critical components underpinning modern society, yet their extraction generates VME-rich slag and tailings at volumes dozens of times greater than the recovered products. Conventional stockpiling and cement-based landfill strategies pose dual risks: persistent leaching of VMEs into aquatic systems and substantial CO₂ emissions, aggravating global mineral-water resource

This research involved a pilot field trial of household-based water treatment and storage for potable water in rural communities of Colombia and Mexico. Through co-creation with the communities, key parameters were considered when designing the systems, including the efficiency of disinfection, the provision of a sufficient volume of treated water, variability of the raw water quality and access to

The spread of anthropogenic genes, such as antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), mobile genetic elements (MGEs), virulence factor genes (VFGs), and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs), is a growing public health concern. However, the role of anthropogenic activities in the dissemination of these genes and bacteria in Tibetan Plateau rivers is still unclear. In this study, we analyzed 138 metagenomic