Previous research has investigated the effect of planning time (PT) on L2 learners’ production regarding fluency, complexity, and accuracy, but its influence at the discourse level has been overlooked. Thus, this study explores the influence of PT on learners’ written performance regarding anaphora resolution (AR) and their pragmatically (in)felicitous choices of referring expressions (REs) in discourse since PT may reduce learners’ cognitive load and facilitate the production of pragmatically felicitous REs. Two film-retelling tasks were completed by intermediate L1 Spanish–L2 English learners and English natives, further divided into a planning and a non-planning subgroup. Their compositions were analysed focusing on the REs produced, taking into consideration the pragmatic context. Results showed a PT effect on learners’ RE choices, although not all pragmatic contexts were equally affected. Planning time exerted a positive influence on topic continuity contexts, where learners produced more economical forms, but no effect was observed in topic shift scenarios.

中文翻译：

---

计划时间对 Anaphora 解决有益吗？针对 L1 西班牙语 – L2 英语学习者的基于语料库的研究


以前的研究调查了计划时间 （PT） 对 L2 学习者在流利度、复杂性和准确性方面的影响，但它在话语层面的影响被忽视了。因此，本研究探讨了 PT 对学习者在回指解析 （AR） 方面的书面表现的影响，以及他们在话语中对指涉表达 （RE） 的语用（不）完美选择，因为 PT 可能会减少学习者的认知负荷并促进语用 RE 的产生。两个电影复述任务由中级 L1 西班牙语-L2 英语学习者和英语母语者完成，进一步分为计划和非计划小组。他们的组成被分析在产生的 RE 上，同时考虑到实用环境。结果显示 PT 对学习者的 RE 选择有影响，尽管并非所有语用情境都受到同等影响。计划时间对主题连续性上下文产生了积极影响，学习者产生了更经济的形式，但在主题转移场景中没有观察到任何影响。