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Innovation and Interdependence: Evidence from Gene-Editing Technology
International Studies Quarterly ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2025-04-24 , DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqaf032
Cleo O’Brien-Udry 1 , Tyler Pratt 2
International Studies Quarterly ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2025-04-24 , DOI: 10.1093/isq/sqaf032
Cleo O’Brien-Udry 1 , Tyler Pratt 2
Affiliation
Technological breakthroughs carry great promise but often escalate economic competition and heighten public anxiety, creating new challenges for governments. We argue that breakthroughs trigger two distinct mechanisms that reshape regulatory politics: (1) accelerated incentives for regulatory arbitrage and (2) the potential for controversies to spark international public backlash. First, technological advancement generates forum-shopping behavior as private actors race to develop the new technology. Researchers and firms may seek to evade national rules by relocating to more permissive jurisdictions. Second, public unease about new technologies creates the potential for backlash in the wake of controversial applications. This backlash can spill across borders: accidents or misuse in one jurisdiction undermine support for research and commercial development elsewhere. Together, these processes link the regulatory fate of states, undermining their ability to regulate in isolation. We test and find evidence for these mechanisms in the domain of gene editing, a field that has been transformed by the introduction of CRISPR technology in 2012. Our theory and findings shed new light on the regulatory politics of breakthrough technologies.
中文翻译:
创新与相互依存:来自基因编辑技术的证据
技术突破前景光明,但往往会加剧经济竞争,加剧公众焦虑,给政府带来新的挑战。我们认为,突破会触发两种不同的机制来重塑监管政治:(1) 加速激励监管套利,以及 (2) 争议可能引发国际公众的强烈反对。首先,随着私人行为者竞相开发新技术,技术进步产生了论坛购物行为。研究人员和公司可能会试图通过搬迁到更宽松的司法管辖区来规避国家规则。其次,公众对新技术的不安可能会在有争议的应用之后产生反弹。这种反弹可能会跨越国界:一个司法管辖区的事故或滥用会破坏对其他地方的研究和商业开发的支持。这些过程共同连接了各国的监管命运,削弱了它们孤立监管的能力。我们在基因编辑领域测试并找到了这些机制的证据,该领域因 2012 年 CRISPR 技术的引入而发生了变化。我们的理论和发现为突破性技术的监管政治提供了新的视角。
更新日期:2025-04-24
中文翻译:

创新与相互依存:来自基因编辑技术的证据
技术突破前景光明,但往往会加剧经济竞争,加剧公众焦虑,给政府带来新的挑战。我们认为,突破会触发两种不同的机制来重塑监管政治:(1) 加速激励监管套利,以及 (2) 争议可能引发国际公众的强烈反对。首先,随着私人行为者竞相开发新技术,技术进步产生了论坛购物行为。研究人员和公司可能会试图通过搬迁到更宽松的司法管辖区来规避国家规则。其次,公众对新技术的不安可能会在有争议的应用之后产生反弹。这种反弹可能会跨越国界:一个司法管辖区的事故或滥用会破坏对其他地方的研究和商业开发的支持。这些过程共同连接了各国的监管命运,削弱了它们孤立监管的能力。我们在基因编辑领域测试并找到了这些机制的证据,该领域因 2012 年 CRISPR 技术的引入而发生了变化。我们的理论和发现为突破性技术的监管政治提供了新的视角。