This study examined bidirectional changes in adolescents' awareness of inequality and race consciousness between 2017 and 2018 in the USA and whether discriminatory experiences informed developmental pathways. The sample (N = 2645; Mage = 14.6, SD = 2.14; 56.5% female; > 0.01% transgender and gender diverse) was White (35.8%), Latinx (31.4%), multiple racial and ethnic groups (13.5%), Black (7.3%), and Asian (5.2%). Race consciousness predicted changes in awareness of inequality (B = 0.31, p < 0.001); awareness of inequality did not predict changes in race consciousness. Social locations and experiences of gender and racial discrimination informed pathways. Providing adolescents with opportunities to explore race and racism may help them reflect on how society is organized in systemically inequitable ways.

中文翻译：

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青少年的种族意识加强了对社会不平等的更广泛认识


本研究调查了 2017 年至 2018 年间美国青少年对不平等意识和种族意识的双向变化，以及歧视性经历是否为发展途径提供了信息。样本 （N = 2645;法师 = 14.6，SD = 2.14;56.5% 为女性;> 0.01% 跨性别者和性别多元化）是白人 （35.8%）、拉丁裔 （31.4%）、多元种族和族裔群体 （13.5%）、黑人 （7.3%） 和亚洲人 （5.2%）。种族意识预测了不平等意识的变化 （B = 0.31，p < 0.001）;对不平等的认识并不能预测种族意识的变化。社会位置以及性别和种族歧视的经历为途径提供了信息。为青少年提供探索种族和种族主义的机会可能有助于他们反思社会是如何以系统性不公平的方式组织的。