This meta‐analytic review explored the characteristics and effectiveness of combined language (e.g., vocabulary) and code (e.g., phonological awareness) interventions, including synergistic intervention effects for at‐risk preschoolers. Data from 29 randomized controlled trials, published before March 2023, reporting on 43 interventions, including 9333 children (4–6 years; 55% male, 45% African American, 30% Hispanic) were included in the meta‐analyses. Composite intervention effects were small: language (g = 0.11) and code (g = 0.23). Language and code outcomes were significantly related (p = 0.032). Interventions equally targeting code and language subskills produced equivalent or greater code and language outcomes than those with an unequal emphasis. Implications for future combined intervention studies are discussed.

中文翻译：

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针对高危学龄前儿童的语言和代码紧急读写干预：系统性荟萃分析评价


本荟萃分析综述探讨了语言 （例如词汇） 和代码 （例如语音意识） 相结合干预的特点和有效性，包括对高危学龄前儿童的协同干预效果。荟萃分析包括 2023 年 3 月之前发表的 29 项随机对照试验的数据，报告了 43 项干预措施，包括 9333 名儿童（4-6 岁;55% 男性，45% 非裔美国人，30% 西班牙裔）。综合干预效果很小：语言 （g = 0.11） 和代码 （g = 0.23）。语言和代码结局显著相关 （p = 0.032）。与重点不相等的干预措施相比，同样针对代码和语言子技能的干预措施产生了相同或更大的代码和语言结果。讨论了对未来联合干预研究的意义。