This paper presents a new Geographic Information Systems database of travel and communications routes in England and Wales derived from medieval cartographic evidence. We argue on the basis of archaeological, physical landscape, onomastic, documentary, cartographic and other historical evidence that the network of red distance lines on the Gough Map of Great Britain, dated c. fifteenth century, represents travel routes and roads connecting medieval settlements. As such it constitutes the earliest depiction of a British network of medieval overland routes at a reasonable level of complexity and geographical extent. Taking this as a very partial, but important, sample of the fuller medieval travel networks, we investigate which elements were carried over from the road network of Roman Britain. Using a selection of computational and qualitative methods and approaches, we thereby evaluate the character, regionality and relative quantity of Roman routeway survival, shedding light into the complex transformations of human landscapes that occurred both at macro (national) and micro (regional, local) scales across approximately one thousand years.

中文翻译：

---

英格兰罗马道路的来世：来自 15 世纪大不列颠高夫地图的见解


本文提出了一个新的地理信息系统数据库，该数据库来自中世纪制图证据的英格兰和威尔士旅行和通信路线。我们根据考古学、物理景观、拟名学、文献、制图和其他历史证据论证，大约 15 世纪的英国高夫地图上的红色距离线网络代表了连接中世纪定居点的旅行路线和道路。因此，它构成了对英国中世纪陆路路线网络的最早描述，具有合理的复杂程度和地理范围。将此作为更完整的中世纪旅行网络的一个非常部分但重要的样本，我们调查了哪些元素是从罗马不列颠的道路网络中继承下来的。因此，使用一系列计算和定性方法和途径，我们评估了罗马路线幸存的特征、区域性和相对数量，揭示了在大约一千年的时间里在宏观（国家）和微观（区域、地方）尺度上发生的人类景观的复杂变化。