Mode is a foundational concept of Western music, serving as the basis for chords and harmonies, detecting and assessing cadences and form, and conveying musical emotion. Traditionally treated categorically, here we build upon recent work exploring this crucial musical construct on a continuum, an approach we refer to as ‘relative mode’. Specifically, we formulate and evaluate a computational model calculating this property from either symbolic or audio representations of music by adapting common key-finding techniques traditionally used to identify mode categorically. Here, we use them to infer the relative mode based on differences between the potential strength of major and minor key candidates. The model evaluation is based on a corpus of excerpts from Preludes by Bach, Chopin, and Shostakovich previously assessed by expert music analysts. Our results suggest that the model (using only audio files) is able to predict relative mode to a degree closely aligning with experts (using both audio and notated scores). A pragmatic set of parameters for the model is identified, and the shortcomings and the applicability of the model to other eras and genres are discussed.

中文翻译：

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音调音乐中的大调-小调：使用专家评分和基于音频的找键原则评估相对模式估计


模式是西方音乐的基本概念，作为和弦和和声的基础，检测和评估节奏和形式，并传达音乐情感。传统上是分类处理的，在这里我们以最近的工作为基础，在一个连续体上探索这一关键的音乐结构，我们称之为 “相对模式”。具体来说，我们制定和评估了一个计算模型，通过采用传统上用于分类识别模式的常见寻键技术，从音乐的符号或音频表示中计算这一属性。在这里，我们使用它们根据主要和次要关键候选者的潜在强度之间的差异来推断相对模式。模型评估基于巴赫、肖邦和肖斯塔科维奇的前奏曲摘录语料库，这些选段之前由专业音乐分析师评估。我们的结果表明，该模型（仅使用音频文件）能够在一定程度上与专家（使用音频和记分）密切相关地预测相对模式。确定了该模型的一组实用参数，并讨论了该模型的缺点和对其他时代和流派的适用性。