Mortality keeps improving even in the most developed countries. Deaths before senior age become more and more occasional and thus are increasingly considered unnecessary and perhaps even avoidable. Denmark belongs to the most developed countries of the world in terms of progress in lowering human mortality levels. Yet there is still much room for large improvements—compared to Sweden, the Danish population has almost the same survival profile up to age 50 but then there are striking differences in later ages. Between ages 50 and 65 about 10% of Danish males die while in Sweden this proportion is only about 7%. This paper explores the regularities of non‐survival to pension age across Danish municipalities and compares them to ones in Sweden. The main focus of this exploration is identification of the spatial patterns based on the mortality characteristics of the population that are studied using the advanced spatial clustering algorithm. The methodological challenge resolved along the way is the construction of reliable life table estimates for the small municipal populations. The results suggest that the main reason for the observed gap between Danish and Swedish municipalities, especially for males, is the lagging behind development of the most deprived areas, which corresponds with the results on widening gaps along socioeconomic dimensions.

中文翻译：

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丹麦和瑞典的未存活至养老金年龄：一项地方调查


即使在最发达国家，死亡率也在不断提高。老年前的死亡变得越来越罕见，因此越来越被认为是不必要的，甚至可能是可以避免的。丹麦在降低人类死亡率方面属于世界上最发达国家。然而，仍有很大的改进空间——与瑞典相比，丹麦人口在 50 岁之前的生存状况几乎相同，但在以后的年龄中存在显着差异。在 50 至 65 岁之间，大约 10% 的丹麦男性死亡，而在瑞典，这一比例仅为 7% 左右。本文探讨了丹麦各城市未存活到领取养老金年龄的规律，并将其与瑞典的水平进行了比较。本探索的主要重点是根据使用高级空间聚类算法研究的人群的死亡率特征来识别空间模式。在此过程中解决的方法挑战是为较小的城市人口构建可靠的寿命表估计。结果表明，丹麦和瑞典城市之间观察到的差距，尤其是男性差距的主要原因是最贫困地区的发展滞后，这与社会经济维度上差距扩大的结果相吻合。