This paper theorises the refugee integration industry by examining how institutional configurations and stakeholder arrangements shape labour market integration outcomes for refugees in Germany and Turkey. Drawing on Spender's theory of industrial recipes, we conceptualise the integration industry as a network of public, private and third‐sector actors governed by competing logics of humanitarianism and market efficiency. Through a comparative case study approach based on more than 200 policy, institutional, and civil society sources, we demonstrate how power asymmetries and economic imperatives systematically marginalise refugees' human agency, producing both humanising and dehumanising effects. We introduce a fourfold typology of (de)humanitarianism, indifference, assimilation, integration and multiculturalism models that reveals how different national and organisational contexts mediate the moral, economic, and political tensions at the heart of refugee labour market integration. Despite stark contrasts in governance models and economic capacity, both countries institutionalise forms of exclusion that limit meaningful participation and recognition. Our analysis advances the theoretical understanding of the refugee integration industry as a contested and relational space where policy, discourse and institutional practice interact to shape refugee subjectivities and futures. In doing so, we call for more reflexive, inclusiv, and agency‐centred approaches to integration that foreground social justice and co‐determination.

中文翻译：

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难民融合行业：利益相关者的力量、市场逻辑和难民劳动力的（去）人性化


本文通过研究制度配置和利益相关者安排如何影响德国和土耳其难民的劳动力市场融合结果，对难民融合行业进行了理论化。借鉴 Spender 的工业配方理论，我们将整合工业概念化为一个由公共、私营和第三部门参与者组成的网络，受人道主义和市场效率的竞争逻辑支配。通过基于 200 多个政策、机构和民间社会来源的比较案例研究方法，我们展示了权力不对称和经济需求如何系统性地边缘化难民的人类能动性，从而产生人性化和非人性化的影响。我们引入了（去）人道主义、冷漠、同化、融合和多元文化主义模型的四种类型学，揭示了不同的国家和组织背景如何调解难民劳动力市场融合核心的道德、经济和政治紧张局势。尽管在治理模式和经济能力方面存在鲜明对比，但两国都将限制有意义参与和认可的排斥形式制度化。我们的分析推进了对难民融合行业的理论理解，将其视为一个有争议的关系空间，政策、话语和制度实践在这里相互作用，塑造难民的主体性和未来。在此过程中，我们呼吁采用更具反思性、包容性和以能动性为中心的融合方法，将社会正义和共同决定放在首位。