The world is grappling with a huge array of demographic challenges—ranging from rapid population growth in sub‐Saharan Africa to rapid aging and decline elsewhere—with profound implications for social systems, economic stability, and environmental sustainability. We examine the complex interplay of demographic diversity and other global megatrends, emphasizing the urgent need for policies that prioritize human rights and sustainable development. The legacy of the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) is re‐evaluated, highlighting the principles that advocate for individual reproductive rights over numerical targets. Rather than solely focusing on population numbers, we underscore the necessity of addressing root causes of apparent demographic challenges and inequalities, especially relating to gender equality, access to quality health care (including sexual and reproductive health services), and education. By integrating insights on aging populations, migration, and climate change, we call for a shift toward inclusive, rights‐based policies that harness the potential of all individuals, in which sexual and reproductive health and rights are central. Ultimately, we suggest that progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals and implementation of the ICPD Programme of Action can only be achieved through tailored demographic policies that reflect the unique contexts of each country, fostering resilience and well‐being in a demographically diverse world.

中文翻译：

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利用人口动态：国际人口与发展会议 30 周年

世界正在努力应对一系列巨大的人口挑战，从撒哈拉以南非洲的人口快速增长到其他地方的快速老龄化和衰退，这些挑战对社会系统、经济稳定和环境可持续性产生了深远影响。我们研究了人口多样性和其他全球大趋势之间的复杂相互作用，强调迫切需要优先考虑人权和可持续发展的政策。重新评估了 1994 年国际人口与发展会议 （ICPD） 的遗产，强调了倡导个人生殖权利而不是数字目标的原则。我们不仅关注人口数量，还强调解决明显人口挑战和不平等的根本原因的必要性，特别是与性别平等、获得优质医疗保健（包括性和生殖健康服务）和教育有关的根源。通过整合对人口老龄化、移民和气候变化的见解，我们呼吁转向包容性、基于权利的政策，以利用所有人的潜力，其中性和生殖健康及权利是核心。归根结底，我们建议，只有通过反映每个国家独特国情的量身定制的人口政策，才能在实现可持续发展目标和实施《国际人口发展会议行动纲领》方面取得进展，在人口多元化的世界中培养复原力和福祉。