Competition for land is a key challenge for decarbonized energy transitions. Open-space solar energy farms are gaining in importance but have large land requirements and displace agricultural production. Agrivoltaics offers a compromise, integrating solar panels into existing farming operations. However, adoption of Agrivoltaics remains limited, as it has lower energy output per hectare and higher installation costs than open-space solar. Here, we compare public attitudes towards Agrivoltaics and open-space solar in Germany, using experimental data from a nationally-representative sample. Participants were shown three images of a landscape that differed in terms of land use, namely an agricultural field without solar, an Agrivoltaics system, and an open-space solar system, together with some technical information. While both solar systems have perceived negative impacts on landscape attractiveness, the impacts are less negative for Agrivoltaics. In comparison to their regular electricity bill, 44 % of the participants expressed their willingness to pay more for electricity from Agrivoltaics, compared to 29 % for electricity from open-space solar. We also find a higher monetary willingness to pay for Agrivoltaics. These results hold across different agricultural systems, implying that Agrivoltaics could play an important role for socially-acceptable energy transitions. More widespread Agrivoltaics adoption may depend on targeted policy support.

中文翻译：

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Agrivoltaics 提高了公众对农业用地太阳能生产的接受度

土地竞争是脱碳能源转型的一个关键挑战。开放式太阳能发电厂的重要性越来越大，但土地需求量很大，并取代了农业生产。Agrivoltaics 提供了一种折衷方案，将太阳能电池板集成到现有的农业经营中。然而，Agrivoltaics 的采用仍然有限，因为它的每公顷能源输出较低，安装成本高于开放空间太阳能。在这里，我们使用来自全国代表性样本的实验数据，比较了德国公众对 Agrivoltaics 和开放空间太阳能的态度。向参与者展示了三张在土地利用方面不同的景观图像，即没有太阳能的农田、农业光伏系统和开放空间太阳能系统，以及一些技术信息。虽然这两个太阳能系统都被认为对景观吸引力有负面影响，但对 Agrivoltaics 的影响较小。与常规电费相比，44% 的参与者表示他们愿意为 Agrivoltaics 的电力支付更多费用，而 29% 的参与者愿意为开放空间太阳能的电力支付更多费用。我们还发现，消费者支付 Agrivoltaics 的货币意愿更高。这些结果适用于不同的农业系统，这意味着 Agrivoltaics 可以在社会可接受的能源转型中发挥重要作用。更广泛地采用 Agrivoltaics 可能取决于有针对性的政策支持。