Guided by Foucault's concept of “discursive formations,” the study reported here draws on primary archival and secondary source material to examine how French has been discursively shaped in England and in relation to English. Unpacking sociohistorical constructions of sameness–difference offers a productive frame to explore ideological positionings in new, interdisciplinary ways that have thus far been underdeveloped in applied linguistics. The study historicizes attitudes to French in England from the 16th century, a time characterized by the coupling of language and nation that has echoed down the ages voiced as received wisdom. While French remained the dominant European vernacular during the early modern period, French in England was increasingly framed as a threat against increasingly nationalist, patriarchal models of language, whereby mythologizing histories positioned French as florid and effete in opposition to plain, manly Saxon English. Not only were boys and girls encouraged to learn different versions of French (different content and different skills) but racialized philology also sought to expunge the etymologically French fabric from English. Learning foreign languages, even the adoption of loan terms, was fraught with the risk of pretentiously identifying too strongly with the other and of disidentifying with home and nation.

中文翻译：

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为什么“真正的男人不会说法语”：通过将语言的话语形式历史化来解构对语言的文化态度

在福柯的“话语形成”概念的指导下，这里报告的研究利用原始档案和次要来源材料来研究法语在英国的话语形式以及与英语的关系。解开相同-差异的社会历史建构提供了一个富有成效的框架，以新的、跨学科的方式探索意识形态定位，这些方式迄今为止在应用语言学中尚未得到充分发展。该研究将 16 世纪以来英格兰对法语的态度历史化，那个时代的特点是语言和国家的耦合，这在各个时代都以公认的智慧回响。虽然法语在近代早期仍然是欧洲的主要方言，但法语在英国越来越被框定为对日益民族主义、父权制语言模式的威胁，神话化历史将法语定位为华丽和柔弱，与朴素、男子气概的撒克逊英语相对立。不仅鼓励男孩和女孩学习不同版本的法语（不同的内容和不同的技能），而且种族化的语言学还试图从英语中消除词源上的法语结构。学习外语，甚至采用贷款条款，都充满了自命不凡地过于强烈地认同他人以及与家乡和国家不认同的风险。