The availability of effective and timely interventions targeting the core features of debilitating performance anxiety (PA) is necessary to support musicians across the lifespan. The aim of this review was to provide an updated search of the research on treatments for PA in musicians and conduct a meta-analysis for available randomised controlled trials (RCTs). A systematic search identified 57 published articles on interventions targeting a reduction in PA symptoms in musicians. Results identified a range of intervention types, with cognitive-behavioural-based therapies most studied. Quality appraisal identified a low–moderate risk of bias, with a lack of detailed information on study design and participant awareness noted as contributors to studies falling in the moderate range. A total of 16 RCTs were included in the meta-analysis, which revealed treatment is more effective than control. Moderators of intervention delivery (individual or group) and age of participants (adolescents, college students, or a mixture of ages) were not significant. Future studies are recommended to be grounded in a theoretical model with the intervention targeting core contributing and maintaining factors, with a focus on greater methodological rigour. Comparing intervention types in future meta-analysis will aid in supporting one treatment above or equal to another.

中文翻译：

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音乐家一生中表演焦虑的治疗：系统评价和荟萃分析

针对使人衰弱的表演焦虑 （PA） 的核心特征提供有效和及时的干预措施对于支持音乐家的整个生命周期是必要的。本综述的目的是对音乐家 PA 治疗研究进行更新检索，并对现有的随机对照试验 （RCT） 进行荟萃分析。一项系统检索确定了 57 篇已发表的关于旨在减轻音乐家 PA 症状的干预措施的文章。结果确定了一系列干预类型，其中基于认知行为的疗法研究最多。质量评价确定了低-中等偏倚风险，缺乏有关研究设计和受试者意识的详细信息，被认为是导致研究处于中等范围的原因。荟萃分析共纳入 16 项 RCT，结果显示治疗比对照组更有效。干预实施的调节者（个体或团体）和参与者的年龄（青少年、大学生或不同年龄的受试者）并不显著。建议未来的研究以理论模型为基础，干预针对核心影响和维持因素，重点是更高的方法学严谨性。在未来的荟萃分析中比较干预类型将有助于支持一种治疗优于或等于另一种治疗。