When does the accommodation of subordinate ethnic groups generate a backlash from the politically dominant group? I argue that power-sharing, regional autonomy, and multiculturalism lend themselves to the articulation of grievances and fears among members of dominant groups, especially if they explicitly recognize subordinate groups’ collective identities. In turn, nationalist parties can exploit such sentiment to organize protests, incite violence, and increase their electoral prospects. To test these arguments, I combine new monthly data on ethnic accommodation in 125 multi-ethnic electoral regimes between 1990 and 2018 with information on dominant group mobilization in anti-government protests and communal violence. I find systematic increases in dominant group mobilization around times when group-based accommodation is first introduced or expanded. These results enhance our understanding of mass mobilization by dominant ethnic groups. Moreover, they point to concrete proposals to reap the benefits of ethnic accommodation while avoiding a potentially destabilizing backlash against it.

中文翻译：

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种族包容和来自主导群体的强烈反对

对从属族群的迁就何时会引起政治主导群体的强烈反对？我认为，权力分享、区域自治和多元文化主义有助于表达主导群体成员之间的不满和恐惧，特别是如果他们明确承认从属群体的集体身份。反过来，民族主义政党可以利用这种情绪来组织抗议活动、煽动暴力并增加他们的选举前景。为了验证这些论点，我将 1990 年至 2018 年间 125 个多民族选举制度的种族适应的新月度数据与反政府抗议和社区暴力中主导群体动员的信息相结合。我发现，在首次引入或扩大基于群体的住宿时，主导群体动员的系统性增加。这些结果增强了我们对主要种族群体的大规模动员的理解。此外，他们指出了具体的建议，以从种族包容中获益，同时避免对其可能造成破坏稳定的强烈反对。