This study examines factors affecting the willingness to build resilience within the tourism industry during the last wave of COVID-19. Entrepreneurial orientation (EO) is shown as a catalyst for the willingness to build resilience, with firm performance and fear of crisis playing mediating and moderating roles, respectively. We treat resilience as a multidimensional concept that encompasses elements such as diversification, flexibility, digitalization, and cooperation. We tested the proposed research model on a sample of 117 small independent hotels in Poland. The findings showed that in the cases of cooperation and flexibility, the impact of entrepreneurial orientation is direct, for digitalization the effect is only indirect (mediated by firm performance), while for diversification the effect is both direct and indirect. This implies that in response to a crisis, if small hotels aim to strengthen their resilience (in its various dimensions), a high level of entrepreneurship is required, and for certain dimensions, an appropriate level of performance is needed. Noteworthy is the moderating role of a fear of crisis on the impact of EO on the willingness to strengthen flexibility.

中文翻译：

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建立酒店韧性：揭示创业导向、公司绩效和对危机的恐惧之间的联系

本研究考察了在上一波 COVID-19 疫情期间影响旅游业建立复原力意愿的因素。创业导向 （EO） 被证明是建立韧性意愿的催化剂，公司绩效和对危机的恐惧分别起着中介和调节作用。我们将韧性视为一个多维概念，包括多元化、灵活性、数字化和合作等要素。我们在波兰的 117 家小型独立酒店样本上测试了拟议的研究模型。研究结果表明，在合作和灵活性的情况下，创业导向的影响是直接的，对于数字化，影响只是间接的（由公司绩效调节），而对于多元化，影响既是直接的，也是间接的。这意味着，为了应对危机，如果小型酒店旨在加强其弹性（在各个方面），则需要高水平的企业家精神，并且对于某些维度，需要适当的绩效水平。值得注意的是，对危机的恐惧对 EO 对加强灵活性意愿的影响起调节作用。