Worldwide river deltas are impacted by human activities and climatic change, but it has been challenging to quantify their contributions due to nonlinear natural processes and a lack of long‐term geomorphological data. Time‐series bathymetric data were collected at submarine Hengsha Shoal in the Yangtze Delta during 11 repeat surveys over 60 yr. Our results show that the minimum riverine sediment supply to maintain the shoal's morphology was 229–258 Mt yr−1. Without human impacts, it would have been experiencing net erosion since the operation of the Three Gorges Dam in 2003. However, this shoal has been growing in certain periods. Specifically, the accumulation/erosion during the project's period was much stronger than those during the pre‐ and post‐projects periods. Morphological change due to deltaic engineering was as high as 19 times of that induced by sediment decline. For future research, it is critical to quantify the impact of deltaic human activities during the Anthropocene Epoch.

中文翻译：

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三角洲工程诱导的堆积掩盖了长江海底浅滩河流沉积物下降的侵蚀

全球河流三角洲受到人类活动和气候变化的影响，但由于非线性自然过程和缺乏长期地貌数据，量化它们的贡献一直具有挑战性。在 60 多年的 11 次重复调查中，在长江三角洲恒沙浅滩海底收集了时间序列测深数据。我们的结果表明，维持浅滩形态的最小河流沉积物供应量为 229-258 Mt yr-1。如果没有人为影响，自 2003 年三峡大坝运行以来，它就会遭受净侵蚀。然而，这个浅滩在某些时期一直在增长。具体来说，项目期间的积累/侵蚀比项目前和项目后时期的积累/侵蚀要强得多。三角洲工程引起的形态变化高达沉积物下降引起的形态变化的 19 倍。对于未来的研究，量化人类世时期三角洲人类活动的影响至关重要。