This paper assesses what type of comments are most useful to what type of stakeholder in gaining influence during public consultations. Theoretically, the paper approaches stakeholders' consultation comments as reputational threats from key audiences that the agency needs to respond to. Different types of threats are expected to carry different weights depending on the type of stakeholders. The analysis is based on a dataset of 73,283 consultation comments left by stakeholders in EASA rulemaking consultations. The findings indicate that it matters what interests pose what kind of threat in regulatory rulemaking. Certain group types become more influential while others lose out when making specific kinds of threats. This extends our understanding of how stakeholders gain influence and what reputational threats are seen as credible by regulatory agencies.

中文翻译：

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这是威胁吗？利益相关者和声誉威胁的类型对于在监管规则制定中获得影响力有何影响

本文评估了哪种类型的评论对哪种类型的利益相关者在公众咨询期间获得影响力最有用。从理论上讲，本文将利益相关者的咨询意见视为该机构需要应对的关键受众的声誉威胁。根据利益相关者的类型，不同类型的威胁预计具有不同的权重。该分析基于利益相关者在 EASA 规则制定咨询中留下的 73,283 条咨询意见的数据集。研究结果表明，在监管规则制定中，什么利益构成什么样的威胁很重要。某些组类型在发出特定类型的威胁时变得更有影响力，而另一些组类型则失败。这扩展了我们对利益相关者如何获得影响力以及监管机构认为哪些声誉威胁是可信的了解。