Media coverage of political actors and debates is a crucial avenue for voters to learn about political parties and their policies. However, nowadays party-media agenda-setting is increasingly shaped by large-scale transformations and the fragmentation of political communication across various party channels (e.g., press releases, social media, speeches) and media types (e.g., newspapers, television, online news), potentially affecting the provision of political information. This article examines these dynamics using large-scale textual data from political parties ( n = 17,677) and media outlets ( n = 90,531) published in the run-up to the Austrian national election in 2019. Building on the measurement of text similarity with state-of-the-art transformer-based models and multiverse analysis, we investigate the success of party messages from press releases, parliamentary speeches, Facebook and Twitter making it into important national newspapers, online news sites as well as television and radio news programs. The article shows that the variety in party channels and media outlets—with their distinct characteristics, modalities, and (technological) affordances—create different flows of information between the parties and the media. Press releases remain crucial tools for parties to get their messages into the media, while social media and parliamentary speeches also matter, albeit with varying effects by party. We also find that online news is more receptive to party messages than print, television, or radio news. Despite these differences, journalistic gate-keeping consistently favors large and government parties across all media types. These findings underscore the need for nuanced research into the interaction between party communication channels and media outlets in contemporary democracies.

中文翻译：

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是什么让它进入媒体？Party 消息、通信渠道和媒体渠道

媒体对政治参与者和辩论的报道是选民了解政党及其政策的重要途径。然而，如今，政党媒体议程设置越来越多地受到各种政党渠道（如新闻稿、社交媒体、演讲）和媒体类型（如报纸、电视、在线新闻）的大规模转变和政治传播碎片化的影响，这可能会影响政治信息的提供。本文使用来自 2019 年奥地利全国大选前发布的政党 （n = 17,677） 和媒体 （n = 90,531） 的大规模文本数据来研究这些动态。基于最先进的基于 transformer 的模型和多元宇宙分析对文本相似性的测量，我们调查了来自新闻稿、议会演讲、Facebook 和 Twitter 的政党信息成功进入重要的全国性报纸、在线新闻网站以及电视和广播新闻节目的成功。文章指出，政党渠道和媒体渠道的多样性——具有独特的特征、模式和（技术）可供性——在政党和媒体之间创造了不同的信息流。新闻稿仍然是政党将信息传播到媒体上的重要工具，而社交媒体和议会演讲也很重要，尽管影响因政党而异。我们还发现，在线新闻比印刷品、电视或广播新闻更容易接受派对信息。尽管存在这些差异，但新闻把关始终有利于所有媒体类型的大型政党和政府政党。 这些发现强调了对当代民主国家政党沟通渠道和媒体渠道之间的互动进行细致研究的必要性。