Co-processing of bio-crude with petroleum feedstocks presents a promising avenue for integrating renewable resources into existing refinery infrastructure. Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) has demonstrated significant potential for energy densification and production of a suitable bio-intermediate from wet bio-feedstocks. This study explored the use of coking as a non-catalytic co-processing method for blends of HTL bio-crude derived from algae feedstock and bitumen. Coking experiments of blends were performed in a sealed batch autoclave at 450 °C, 5 min. A reduction in coke yields and increase in liquid yields were observed for the blended feed which may be attributed to hydrogen donor organics in bio-crude. Delayed coking of 10, 25, and 40 wt% bio-crude blends yielded liquid products in the range of 60–62 wt%, with a calculated high heating value of approximately 45–46 MJ kg−1. Significant changes in composition were also observed after coking. The heteroatom content in these products ranged from 4.1 to 5.5 wt%, with over 50 % present as sulfur. These results suggest that the coking process can be applied as an initial step in the refining sequence, aimed at enhancing the properties of the blended feedstock and reducing impurities.

中文翻译：

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水热液化生物原油与沥青在延迟焦化装置中的共处理

生物原油与石油原料的共处理为将可再生资源整合到现有炼油厂基础设施中提供了一条有前途的途径。水热液化 （HTL） 已显示出能量致密化和从湿生物原料生产合适的生物中间体的巨大潜力。本研究探讨了使用焦化作为非催化共处理方法，用于藻类原料和沥青衍生的 HTL 生物粗混合物。混合物的焦化实验在 450 °C 的密封间歇式高压釜中进行 5 分钟。观察到混合饲料的焦炭产量降低和液体产量增加，这可能归因于生物原油中的氢供体有机物。10、25 和 40 wt% 生物粗混合物的延迟焦化产生 60-62 wt% 范围内的液体产品，计算出的高热值约为 45-46 MJ kg-1。焦化后也观察到成分的显着变化。这些产品中的杂原子含量为 4.1 至 5.5 wt%，其中超过 50% 以硫的形式存在。这些结果表明，焦化工艺可以作为精炼序列的初始步骤，旨在增强混合原料的性能并减少杂质。