The selective hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol to cyclohexane is a key reaction for upgrading guaiacol, a phenolic compound derived from lignin, for fuel production from abundant and renewable biomass sources. However, the role of noble metal promoters in nickel-based catalysts has been less extensively studied. In this work, we have applied the principles of green chemistry by modifying the deposition-precipitation method to obtain highly dispersed nickel phyllosilicate (Ni-PS) as a catalyst support. A small amount of Ru was then impregnated onto the Ni-PS to form nanosized Ru crystallites. The resulting Ru/Ni-PS-500 catalyst boasted a high surface area of 184 m2 g−1, enhancing the availability of active sites and facilitated mass transfer during the guaiacol HDO process, which led to a high yield of cyclohexane. Further investigation into the impact of reduction temperature on the Ru-promoted catalyst revealed that the optimized Ru/Ni-PS-500 exhibited outstanding performance in the HDO of guaiacol. Under optimized reaction conditions (300 °C, 3 MPa H2 pressure, and 3 h), the Ru/Ni-PS-500 catalyst achieved >99.9 % guaiacol conversion and a cyclohexane yield of 81.9 %. To access the physicochemical properties and gain insights into the fundamentals behind the catalytic activity of Ru/Ni-PS-500, various characterization techniques were employed. Additionally, a detailed reaction pathway for the conversion of guaiacol to cyclohexane was proposed.

中文翻译：

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钌对改性沉积-沉淀法合成的愈创木酚加氢脱氧制环己烷对层状硅酸镍催化剂的影响

愈创木酚选择性加氢脱氧 （HDO） 制环己烷是升级愈创木酚（一种源自木质素的酚类化合物）的关键反应，用于从丰富且可再生的生物质来源生产燃料。然而，贵金属促进剂在镍基催化剂中的作用尚未得到广泛研究。在这项工作中，我们应用了绿色化学原理，通过改进沉积沉淀法获得高度分散的层状硅酸镍 （Ni-PS） 作为催化剂载体。然后将少量 Ru 浸渍到 Ni-PS 上，形成纳米级 Ru 微晶。所得的 Ru/Ni-PS-500 催化剂具有 184 m2 g-1 的高表面积，提高了活性位点的可用性，并促进了愈创木酚 HDO 过程中的传质，从而获得了环己烷的高产率。进一步研究还原温度对 Ru 促进催化剂的影响表明，优化的 Ru/Ni-PS-500 在愈创木酚的 HDO 中表现出优异的性能。在优化的反应条件（300 °C、3 MPa H2 压力和 3 h）下，Ru/Ni-PS-500 催化剂实现了 >99.9 % 的愈创木酚转化率和 81.9% 的环己烷收率。为了获得 Ru/Ni-PS-500 的物理化学性质并深入了解 Ru/Ni-PS-500 催化活性背后的基本原理，采用了各种表征技术。此外，还提出了愈创木酚转化为环己烷的详细反应途径。