In deep underground engineering construction and resource exploitation, complex conditions such as high stress and strong disturbance are often encountered, and dynamic disasters such as rockburst and coal burst are prone to occur. As a common anchorage support form in deep underground engineering, bolts and cables are often applied with high prestress to improve the bearing capacity of surrounding rock. It is the key to the reasonable support design of deep underground engineering to clarify the dynamic characteristics of prestressed anchorage support. Therefore, the dynamic impact test system of prestressed anchorage support is developed. Taking the commonly used high-strength (HS) support and the self-developed constant resistance energy-absorbing (CREA) support as the research objects, the dynamic impact tests are carried out. The test results show that applying high prestress significantly weakens the impact resistance and energy absorption capacity of anchorage support. Compared with the non-prestressed condition, the average impact force of HS bolt with 100kN prestress and HS cable with 250kN prestress is reduced by 56.2% and 43.3%, with energy absorption reduced by 17.8% and 19.6%, respectively. The average impact force of CREA bolt with 160kN prestress and CREA cable with 250kN prestress is reduced by 64.3% and 79.5%, with energy absorption reduced by 25.4% and 22.9%, respectively. The linear relationship between the energy absorption reduction rate and the strength utilization rate is revealed. The design method of anchorage support based on the strength-energy comprehensive criterion is proposed. The field application is successfully carried out in deep underground engineering influenced by dynamic pressure.

中文翻译：

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预应力锚固支护的动力学特性及吸能机制

在深部地下工程建设和资源开采中，经常遇到高应力、强扰动等复杂条件，容易发生岩爆、煤爆等动态灾害。作为深部地下工程中常见的锚固支护形式，螺栓和索通常以高预应力施加，以提高围岩的承载能力。明确预应力锚固支护的动力特性是深部地下工程合理支护设计的关键。为此，开发了预应力锚固支护动态冲击试验系统。以常用的高强度（HS）支座和自主研发的恒阻吸能（CREA）支座为研究对象，开展了动态冲击试验。试验结果表明，施加高预应力显著削弱了锚固支护的抗冲击能力和吸能能力。与非预应力条件相比，100 kN 预应力的 HS 螺栓和 250 kN 预应力的 HS 索的平均冲击力分别降低了 56.2% 和 43.3%，能量吸收分别降低了 17.8% 和 19.6%。具有 160kN 预应力的 CREA 螺栓和具有 250kN 预应力的 CREA 索的平均冲击力分别降低了 64.3% 和 79.5%，能量吸收减少了 25.4% 和 22.9%。揭示了能量吸收降低率与强度利用率之间的线性关系。提出了基于强度-能量综合准则的锚固支护设计方法。在受动压影响的深部地下工程中成功实施了现场应用。