Nature Medicine ( IF 58.7 ) Pub Date : 2025-05-31 , DOI: 10.1038/s41591-025-03746-z
Tina Cascone, Laura Bonanno, Florian Guisier, Amelia Insa, Moishe Liberman, Olivier Bylicki, Lorenzo Livi, Thomas Egenod, Romain Corre, Dong-Wan Kim, Maria Rosario Garcia Campelo, Mariano Provencio Pulla, Byoung Yong Shim, Giulio Metro, Jaafar Bennouna, Agata A. Bielska, Alula R. Yohannes, Yun He, Adam Dowson, Gozde Kar, Lara McGrath, Rakesh Kumar, Italia Grenga, Jonathan Spicer, Patrick M. Forde
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In the phase II NeoCOAST-2 platform study, 202 patients with untreated, resectable stage IIA–IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) were randomized to receive neoadjuvant durvalumab plus platinum-doublet chemotherapy with oleclumab, a CD73 inhibitor (Arm 1), or with monalizumab, a NKG2A inhibitor (Arm 2), or neoadjuvant durvalumab plus single-agent platinum chemotherapy with the TROP-2 antibody–drug conjugate (ADC) datopotamab deruxtecan (Arm 4), followed by surgical resection and adjuvant durvalumab with oleclumab or monalizumab (Arms 1 and 2) or durvalumab alone (Arm 4). Primary endpoints were pathological complete response (pCR) rate and safety; secondary endpoints included feasibility of surgery and major pathological response (mPR) rate. In the modified intention-to-treat population (n = 198; Arm 1, n = 74; Arm 2, n = 70; Arm 4, n = 54), pCR rates were 20.3% (15/74; 95% CI, 11.8–31.2), 25.7% (18/70; 95% CI, 16.0–37.6) and 35.2% (19/54; 95% CI, 22.7–49.4), and mPR rates were 41.9% (31/74; 95% CI, 30.5–53.9), 50.0% (35/70; 95% CI, 37.8–62.2) and 63.0% (34/54; 95% CI, 48.7–75.7) in arms 1, 2, and 4, respectively. In the safety population, 69/74 (93.2%), 66/71 (93.0%), and 51/54 (94.4%) patients underwent surgery, respectively. Overall, grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 27/74 (36.5%), 29/71 (40.8%) and 11/54 (20.4%) patients, respectively. In NeoCOAST-2, the first neoadjuvant trial examining an ADC plus chemo-immunotherapy in resectable NSCLC, pCR rates were highest in the datopotamab-deruxtecan-containing arm, warranting further investigation in larger trials of ADCs and checkpoint inhibition in the neoadjuvant setting. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05061550.
中文翻译:

围手术期 durvalumab 联合化疗联合新药治疗可切除非小细胞肺癌:平台 II 期 NeoCOAST-2 试验
在 II 期 NeoCOAST-2 平台研究中,202 名未经治疗、可切除的 IIA-IIIB 期非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 患者被随机分配接受新辅助 durvalumab 联合铂类双药化疗联合 oleclumab(CD73 抑制剂)(第 1 组),或莫纳利尤单抗(NKG2A 抑制剂)(第 2 组),或新辅助 durvalumab 加单药铂类化疗联合 TROP-2 抗体-药物偶联物 (ADC) datopotamab deruxtecan(第 4 组), 然后手术切除和辅助 durvalumab 与 oleclumab 或莫纳珠单抗(第 1 组和第 2 组)或单独使用 durvalumab(第 4 组)。主要终点是病理完全缓解 (pCR) 率和安全性;次要终点包括手术可行性和主要病理反应 (mPR) 率。在改良的意向治疗人群 (n = 198;手臂 1,n = 74;第 2 组,n = 70;第 4 组,n = 54),pCR 率分别为 20.3%(15/74;95% CI,11.8-31.2)、25.7%(18/70;95% CI,16.0-37.6)和 35.2%(19/54;95% CI,22.7-49.4),第 1、2 和 4 组的 mPR 率分别为 41.9%(31/74;95% CI,30.5-53.9)、50.0%(35/70;95% CI,37.8-62.2)和 63.0%(34/54;95% CI,48.7-75.7)。在安全人群中,69/74 (93.2%) 、 66/71 (93.0%) 和 51/54 (94.4%) 患者接受了手术。总体而言,≥ 级治疗相关不良事件分别发生在 27/74 (36.5%) 、 29/71 (40.8%) 和 11/54 (20.4%) 患者中。在 NeoCOAST-2 中,第一项检查可切除 NSCLC 的 ADC 联合化学免疫疗法的新辅助试验,含 datopotamab-deruxtecan 的组的 pCR 率最高,需要在新辅助治疗中对 ADC 和检查点抑制的更大规模试验进行进一步研究。ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符:NCT05061550。