In the everyday context, the term “hate speech” has become increasingly politicized and emotionally charged, yet these vernacular constructions of hate speech remain under-explored. Used as both a rhetorical weapon and an object of genuine concern, various understandings of hate speech circulate within interactive everyday cultures of digital media, shaped by the digitalised media environment. With the combination of computational and qualititative research methods, this article explores the struggle over meanings of hate speech. From a large dataset of 289,933 messages, we identified the 10 most relevant themes. We further used articulation theory to analyze different political and social articulations of hate speech. We situate these articulations to the context of post-truth condition, characterized with crisis of trust and truth-telling. Our study identified articulations of confusion, uncertainty, ridicule, trivialization, and censorship in the context of hate speech. The results show that the struggle over the power to define hate speech simultaneously involves a struggle to overturn the definitional power of research institutions and official and knowledge authorities. Overall, the study contributes to the research on hate speech by showing the vernacular, contextual and localized nature of hate speech that emerges in reference to particular political actors, events and debates. Furthermore, the study illustrates the societal importance of the hate speech debate and the ways in which the concept itself, through multiple articulations, is used as tool in the post-truth battle to impede and disturb democratic debate and to serve particular political ends.

中文翻译：

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数字平台上仇恨言论的争议含义和后真相状况

在日常背景下，“仇恨言论”一词已经变得越来越政治化和情绪化，但这些仇恨言论的白话结构仍然没有得到充分探索。仇恨言论既被用作修辞武器，也被用作真正令人担忧的对象，在数字化媒体环境的影响下，对仇恨言论的各种理解在数字媒体的互动日常文化中流传。本文将计算和定性研究方法相结合，探讨了仇恨言论含义的斗争。从包含 289,933 条消息的大型数据集中，我们确定了 10 个最相关的主题。我们进一步使用发音理论来分析仇恨言论的不同政治和社会发音。我们将这些阐述置于后真相状况的背景下，其特征是信任危机和讲真话。我们的研究确定了仇恨言论背景下的混淆、不确定性、嘲笑、轻视和审查的表达。结果表明，争夺定义仇恨言论的权力的斗争同时涉及推翻研究机构、官方和知识权威的定义权力的斗争。总体而言，该研究通过展示与特定政治行为者、事件和辩论相关的仇恨言论的白话、背景和地方性质，为仇恨言论的研究做出了贡献。此外，该研究还说明了仇恨言论辩论的社会重要性，以及该概念本身如何通过多种表达方式被用作后真相之战的工具，以阻碍和扰乱民主辩论，并为特定的政治目的服务。