Ambient environment abounds with renewable low frequency vibration energy, but efficiently harnessing this energy remains challenging due to its low-grade nature. Herein, we propose a vibration energy modulator (VEM) to solve this issue through an innovative automatic energy accumulation-discharge (AEAD) strategy. The VEM is realized through the integration of a distinctive energy modulation unit within the conventional vibration–rotation mechanism, leverages the interplay of magnetic and elastic forces to implement the automatic accumulation and discharge of low frequency vibration energy and output high-grade rotational energy with greatly enhanced speeds. A dynamic model is established to illustrate the working principle and explain the high performance of the VEM. Under a low frequency (3 Hz) vibration, the VEM can provide 2255 rpm rotation speed, which is 70.5 times higher than that of the conventional counterpart. Moreover, when excited at 0.5 Hz, the VEM-based harvester can generate 29.6 V voltage and 11.7 mW power, corresponding to 24.7-fold boost in voltage output and 78.2-fold enhancement in power output compared to the harvester utilizing the conventional vibration–rotation mechanism. This work provides and validates a new strategy for efficiently harnessing pervasive low frequency vibration energy and has promising applications in self-driven sensing nodes and other electronics.

中文翻译：

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一种高性能振动能量调制器，具有自动能量积累-放电策略，用于低频能量收集

周围环境中充满了可再生的低频振动能量，但由于其低品位的性质，有效利用这些能量仍然具有挑战性。在此，我们提出了一种振动能量调制器 （VEM） 来通过创新的自动能量累积放电 （AEAD） 策略来解决这个问题。VEM 是通过在传统的振动旋转机构中集成一个独特的能量调制单元来实现的，利用磁力和弹性力的相互作用来实现低频振动能量的自动积累和释放，并以大大提高的速度输出高品位的旋转能量。建立了一个动态模型来说明工作原理并解释 VEM 的高性能。在低频 （3 Hz） 振动下，VEM 可提供 2255 rpm 的转速，是传统同类产品的 70.5 倍。此外，当以 0.5 Hz 激励时，基于 VEM 的采集器可以产生 29.6 V 电压和 11.7 mW 功率，与使用传统振动旋转机构的采集器相比，电压输出提高了 24.7 倍，功率输出提高了 78.2 倍。这项工作提供并验证了一种有效利用普遍存在的低频振动能量的新策略，并在自驱动传感节点和其他电子设备中具有广阔的应用前景。