This study explores the impacts of 11 diverse entrepreneurship indicators on green technology innovation (GTI) to determine the optimal environmental regulatory framework that fosters green entrepreneurship. Additionally, the study investigates the impacts of environmental regulations on GTI by utilizing nonlinear panel smooth threshold regression (PSTR) models on data collected from 18 countries from 2002 to 2020. By identifying a critical regulatory threshold of 1.89, the research reveals how varying levels of environmental regulations significantly influence GTI dynamics. The estimation results emphasize that GDP per capita and financial development are critical in fostering GTI. However, stringent environmental regulations can counteract these positive effects. Urbanization and trade openness also positively influence GTI, with environmental regulations complementing their impacts. The transition to a service-oriented industrial structure positively affects GTI. The results underscore the negative impact of entrepreneurship indicators, potentially diverting resources away from GTI. Nonetheless, environmental regulations with stringent enforcement mechanisms can counterbalance the negative impacts of specific entrepreneurship metrics. Among the entrepreneurship indicators analyzed, financing for entrepreneurs, governmental support and policies, and governmental programs exhibit an inverted U-shaped impact pattern, peaking at specific levels of environmental regulation.

中文翻译：

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评估创业生态系统对绿色技术创新的影响：跨国分析

本研究探讨了 11 个不同创业指标对绿色技术创新 （GTI） 的影响，以确定促进绿色创业的最佳环境监管框架。此外，该研究还利用非线性面板平滑阈值回归 （PSTR） 模型对 2002 年至 2020 年从 18 个国家收集的数据，调查了环境法规对 GTI 的影响。通过确定 1.89 的关键监管阈值，该研究揭示了不同级别的环境监管如何显着影响 GTI 动态。估计结果强调，人均 GDP 和金融发展对于促进 GTI 至关重要。然而，严格的环境法规可以抵消这些积极影响。城市化和贸易开放也对 GTI 产生积极影响，环境法规对其影响起到补充作用。向服务型产业结构的过渡对 GTI 产生了积极影响。结果凸显了创业指标的负面影响，可能会将资源从 GTI 中转移出去。尽管如此，具有严格执行机制的环境法规可以抵消特定创业指标的负面影响。在分析的创业指标中，企业家融资、政府支持和政策以及政府计划呈现倒 U 形影响模式，在特定环境监管水平达到峰值。