Distributed software systems are pervasive today and they are increasingly developed/deployed to meet the growing needs for scalable computing. Given their critical roles in modern information infrastructures, assuring the quality of distributed software is crucial. As a fundamental methodology for software quality assurance in general, program analysis underlies a range of techniques and tools for constructing and assuring distributed systems. Yet to this date there remains a lack of systematical understandings of what have been done and how far we are in the field of program analysis for distributed systems. To gain a comprehensive and coherent view of this area hence inform relevant future research, this paper provides a systematic literature review of the (1) technical approaches , including analysis methodology, modality, underlying representation, algorithmic design, data utilized, and scope, (2) applications , with respect to the quality aspects served, and (3) evaluation , including the datasets and metrics considered, of various program analyses in the domain of distributed software in the past 30 years (1995–2024). In addition to knowledge systematization, we also extend our insights into the limitations of and challenges faced by current technique and evaluation designs, which shed light on potentially promising future research directions .

中文翻译：

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分布式软件系统的程序分析调查

分布式软件系统如今无处不在，并且它们得到了越来越多的开发/部署，以满足对可扩展计算日益增长的需求。鉴于分布式软件在现代信息基础架构中发挥着关键作用，确保分布式软件的质量至关重要。作为一般软件质量保证的基本方法，程序分析是构建和保证分布式系统的一系列技术和工具的基础。然而，到目前为止，对于已经完成的工作以及我们在分布式系统程序分析领域所走的路有多远，仍然缺乏系统的理解。为了获得对这一领域的全面和连贯的看法，从而为相关的未来研究提供信息，本文提供了对 （1） 技术方法的系统文献综述，包括分析方法、模式、基本表示、算法设计、使用的数据和范围，（2） 应用，关于服务的质量方面，以及 （3） 评估，包括考虑的数据集和指标， 过去 30 年（1995-2024 年）分布式软件领域的各种程序分析。除了知识系统化之外，我们还扩展了对当前技术和评估设计的局限性和面临的挑战的见解，这为未来可能有前途的研究方向提供了启示。