Gaslighting is a form of psychological manipulation that, over time, causes a victim to doubt their sense of reality, often leading to a loss of agency and emotional and mental instability. Currently, mechanistic explanations for gaslighting are rooted in unfalsifiable psychodynamic theory. We propose a theoretical framework that draws upon prediction error minimization, symbolic interactionism, attachment

Background Medical students experience disproportionately high rates of anxiety and depression, and treatment gaps may exist. To date, little is known about how these mental health outcomes have changed over time.Objective To examine recent trends in clinically significant anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, and counselling service utilisation among US medical students.Methods We analysed five

Retrieval practice is well-established as a powerful tool for reinforcing long-term learning. Most previous research has concentrated on the effectiveness of overt retrieval, involving recalling information from memory and generating overt responses by writing, typing, or speaking aloud the retrieved information. Here we ask whether covert retrieval, involving mentally retrieving information without

INTRODUCTION Relapse rates in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are particularly high following inpatient treatment. Innovative strategies should specifically target the transitional gap between completion of inpatient treatment and uptake of standard continuing care. This study aimed to determine whether Appstinence, a digital approach that combines a smartphone app intervention with adjunct

INTRODUCTION Coronary heart disease (CHD) has serious implications for patients´ quality of life (QoL). Psychological distress affects 15 to 40% of patients with CHD and is robustly associated with poorer prognosis. Blended collaborative care (BCC), a telephone-delivered intervention involving non-physician care managers that address both psychological and medical factors can be applied for secondary

BACKGROUND Improving preventative interventions for self-harm and suicide-related behaviour is a mental health policy priority. Existing evidence-based interventions can be lengthy, resource-heavy, difficult to access, and are not always acceptable or effective. Extending support through brief and remotely delivered interventions outside of traditional clinical services brings potential to expand access

Human movement plays a foundational role in cognition and learning. This topical collection brings together theoretical and empirical work examining how gestures, physical activity, and virtual movement enhance learning in language, multimedia, and activity-based learning. Regarding language learning, interacting with virtual object improves vocabulary learning, especially for learners with low language

BACKGROUND Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) is an effective non-pharmacological, non-invasive intervention for depression. However, the optimal strategy for localising the DLPFC treatment site on the patient's scalp is heavily disputed. Routine strategies were previously incrementally refined and compared in terms of anatomical accuracy

OBJECTIVE To assess the effectiveness of NHS Talking Therapies (NHSTT) service for working-age adults with mild to moderate depression or anxiety and to evaluate the impact of multiple physical long-term conditions (LTCs) on treatment outcomes. METHOD We have linked routinely collected data from the NHSTT services in South London (UK) with primary care data for aged 18-64 years who had accessed the

BACKGROUND With the increasing prevalence of climate-related disasters, psychological responses, including climate change anxiety and anticipatory climate disaster stress, have received heightened attention. OBJECTIVE We investigate the correlates of climate change anxiety and anticipatory climate disaster stress, as well as the nature of these psychological responses. METHODS At the start of the annual

This comprehensive mixed-method review synthesised the trauma-eating disorder (trauma-ED) research across six objectives addressing; prevalence and risk, covariates, clinical characteristics, theories, lived experience, and intervention.

The generative learning strategy of learning by drawing has received increased attention in recent years. Although this strategy is regularly used by educators, the literature suggests that the effectiveness of the method depends on several factors. In this review, we highlight recent research trends and methodological progress within the field. Although recent developments have led to clearer and

A recently published article by van Heijst et al. attempted to reconcile two research approaches in the science of emotion—basic emotion theory and the theory of constructed emotion—by suggesting that the former explains emotions as bioregulatory states of the body whereas the latter explains feelings that arise from those state changes. This bifurcation of emotion into objective physical states and

BACKGROUND Anaemia during pregnancy is associated with maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy and the postpartum period. However, the effect of anaemia development during pregnancy on maternal psychological health in non-anaemic women remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of anaemia development during pregnancy on maternal psychological health during pregnancy and the postpartum

BACKGROUND Rates of common mental disorders (CMDs) including anxiety, depression and stress, treated in primary care have increased among young adults, but it is unclear if this reflects more help-seeking and/or an increase in symptoms, and if there are differences across sociodemographic groups. OBJECTIVE This study examined trends in primary care-recorded CMD and self-reported psychological distress

BACKGROUND We previously demonstrated that a large language model could estimate suicide risk using hospital discharge notes. OBJECTIVE With the emergence of reasoning models that can be run on consumer-grade hardware, we investigated whether these models can approximate the performance of much larger and costlier models. METHODS From 458 053 adults hospitalised at one of two academic medical centres

BACKGROUND Circadian disruption has been suggested to induce cognitive impairment and dementia. It remains unknown which brain structures are involved in the pathology. OBJECTIVE To investigate which specific brain structure alterations are associated with dementia and cognitive impairment induced by circadian disruption. METHODS Circadian disruption was represented by two accelerometer-derived circadian

A growing body of evidence shows that positive student outcomes are associated with racial/ethnic diversity among university STEM instructors. However, few studies to date have been able to provide direct causal evidence identifying the specific mechanism(s) hypothesized to drive the benefits of instructor racial/ethnic diversity. Leaving these mechanisms unexplained may lead both receptive and critical

Introduction Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe and prevalent psychiatric disorder. Mentalization-based therapy (MBT) is an evidence-based intervention for BPD, which is often delivered as a long-term psychotherapy program for BPD. We previously published a randomized clinical trial assessing short-term versus long-term MBT for BPD 16 months after randomization as the primary follow-up

Almost all countries in the world have witnessed a rapid increase in levels of economic inequality, a measure of the distribution of income and wealth across the population, since the advent of neoliberal economic policies in the 1970s. In this review, we conceptualize inequality as an ecological construct and discuss why it matters for the mental health of populations and for individual clinical outcomes

BACKGROUND Stress-related disorders such as adjustment disorder (AD) and exhaustion disorder (ED) are associated with substantial suffering and high societal costs. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a promising treatment for symptom reduction but has not been rigorously compared with other active treatments. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of CBT compared to an active control treatment

Mental disorders are highly prevalent worldwide. Unfortunately, most people with these disorders do not receive any treatment. This is due in part to a large set of barriers that impede treatment delivery. An initial barrier is the perception that one does not need treatment. Perceived need for treatment (PNFT) refers to whether an individual sees a need to obtain an intervention for their mental health

Anhedonia is a lack or loss of pleasure in daily life. This is the first systematic review to investigate anhedonia in mental health research with a focus on experience sampling methodology (ESM). The review aimed to identify how anhedonia is conceptualized and measured in ESM research, how it is experienced during daily life, and the quality of reporting in the published literature. To generate a

Chronic illness (CI) burdens both the patient and their romantic partner. CI management has been viewed as a dyadic process by theorists and clinical practitioners. Dyadic coping (DC) refers to the processes where one partner aids the other or both partners work together to cope with stress. We used the meta-analytical actor–partner interdependence model and its extension of actor–partner interdependence

A comprehensive understanding of specific factors contributing to variability in responsiveness of children with autism to interventions is paramount for making evidence-based clinical and policy decisions. This meta-analysis examined child and family characteristics, as well as intervention design factors, associated with outcomes of behavioral interventions for children with autism. A systematic

Bereavement can lead to complicated grief reactions including clinically significant symptoms of depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress (PTSS) post-loss. Gaining insight into specific and shared risk factors for these complicated grief reactions can help identify individuals needing support.

BACKGROUND Acute mental health service use (AMHSU), that is, hospitalisations and emergency department (ED) visits for mental health, have been rising in the Canadian province of Ontario and globally; however, national-level estimates are not available. We examine trends and socioeconomic inequalities in AMHSU in the Canadian adult population between 2004 and 2019. METHODS Using the Canadian Community

In their commentary on our meta-analysis, Zitzmann and Orona (2025) used formal proof and cited methodological studies to argue that test reliability is important, Cronbach’s Alpha generally indicates test reliability, and cutoff values for alpha are indispensable. We agree that high reliability is important for all tests. Yet, alpha does not reflect the reliability of knowledge tests. Zitzmann and

Academic Abstract Although disadvantage and advantage jointly make up inequality, inequality is often one-sidedly framed as disadvantage. Concurrently, efforts to raise awareness for advantages are growing. Many studies have examined whether and how it matters if inequality is framed as advantage or disadvantage. However, empirical and conceptual integration of this work is lacking. For empirical integration

Academic Abstract Current theories on dispositional–situational attributions suggest that East Asians’ attributions are more external compared to Westerners. However, empirical studies yield mixed findings. I reflect on historical, philosophical, and sociological resources in China and the United States to address this inconsistency. This paper (a) proposes a new attributional dimension borrowed from

We use three studies to develop and validate the new concept of playful study design – the cognitive-behavioral orientation towards study tasks with the aim to make these tasks more fun and/or more challenging. Based on play and proactive motivation theories, we propose that playful study design can be assessed by items indicating two dimensions: designing fun and designing competition. Results of

High-quality mathematics education not only improves life outcomes for individuals but also drives innovation and progress across society. But what exactly constitutes high-quality mathematics education? In this article, we contribute to this discussion by focusing on arithmetic fluency. The debate over how best to teach arithmetic has been long and fierce. Should we emphasize memorization techniques

The working alliance is one of the most robust predictors of outcomes in adult psychotherapy. Since the alliance is often challenging to establish and maintain in psychotherapy with adolescents, conducting high-quality assessments of the alliance using sound measures in this population is critical. Still, measurement instruments developed for adults cannot be directly transferred to adolescent samples

INTRODUCTION Psycho-spiritual distress remains one of the most prevalent and pressing concerns throughout the cancer survivorship journey, impacting their existential integrity. Various yoga interventions have been examined for their potential to alleviate this distress, but their effects in cancer patients varied. METHODS We searched seven databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled

Artificial intelligence (AI) holds significant potential for enhancing student learning. This reflection critically examines the promises and limitations of AI for cognitive learning processes and outcomes, drawing on empirical evidence and theoretical insights from research on AI-enhanced education and digital learning technologies. We critically discuss current publication trends in research on AI-enhanced

BACKGROUND Existing health inequalities and the lack of timely and appropriate support have long been a reality for many ethnic minority individuals living with mental health conditions, even before the pandemic. Limited access to services and the absence of culturally or religiously embedded care have led to increased severity of mental health problems. OBJECTIVE To explore the complexity of interactions

Misinformation can have severe negative effects on people’s decisions, behaviors, and on society at large. This creates a need to develop and evaluate educational interventions that prepare people to recognize and respond to misinformation. We systematically review 107 articles describing educational interventions across various lines of research. In characterizing existing educational interventions

Learners’ attempts to regulate their own motivation for studying in the face of tedious or difficult tasks is an important aspect of self-regulated learning. Therefore, motivation regulation has received increasing attention over the past few years, resulting in numerous publications using different definitions of the construct, samples, operationalizations, and research designs. The aim of this systematic

Peer-feedback can be an effective method to support learning. However, students often require instructional support to provide and process peer-feedback effectively. Previous research used various types of instructional support to improve the quality of peer-feedback processes and outcomes. Yet, a comprehensive overview over their effects is missing. Therefore, this meta-analysis (based on N = 32 studies

OBJECTIVES This nationwide cohort study investigated the association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and various types of urticarial diseases. METHODS We conducted a population-based cohort study using data from Leumit Health Services (LHS), a health maintenance organisation in Israel. The study population consisted of all members of LHS between 1 January 2002 and 30 November

Transversal skills describe a broad spectrum of skills that are considered to be essential for thriving in today’s society and tackling the challenges of the twenty-first century. Therefore, a high demand is placed on educators to teach these skills to their students. Unfortunately, the conceptualization of transversal skills remains vague with different frameworks reporting on various transversal

The classroom represents a complex socio-cultural environment where emotions emerge as a result of instruction, learning, and interpersonal transactions. Teachers’ ability to recognize, regulate, and respond to emotions in the classroom has powerful consequences for students’ behavior, learning, and the teacher’s own well-being. In order to be effective in instruction and classroom management and to

AIM The adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) tools is gaining traction in maternal mental health (MMH) research. Despite its growing usage, little is known about its prospects and challenges in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This study aims to systematically review articles on the role of AI in addressing MMH in LMICs. METHODS This systematic review adopts a patient and public involvement

OBJECTIVE To develop a clinician-guided, research-based guideline for adult outpatient psychotherapy for complex presentations of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHODS We used state-of-the-art methods to develop clinical guideline recommendations and conduct systematic reviews with meta-analyses for five research questions: (Q1) When treating adults with PTSD, should trauma-focused psychotherapy

A common theme across psychological research on belonging in school has been a focus on the social—on the quality of students’ connections to others in the school environment. In this review, I argue that when a student indicates that they do or do not “feel like I belong at my school,” social connections are necessary but not sufficient to fully explain that experience. Extending Schmader and Sedikides’

Conscientiousness has consistent and robust associations with a large set of key student outcomes. Thus, to understand the extent to which conscientiousness could be leveraged to support students’ learning, achievement, and well-being, it is important to ascertain whether conscientiousness could be strengthened by means of interventions. To narrow this important knowledge gap, this research synthesizes

QUESTION This study investigated the methodological rigour of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of mental health apps for depression and anxiety, and whether quality has improved over time. STUDY SELECTION AND ANALYSIS RCTs were drawn from the most recent meta-analysis of mental health apps for depression and anxiety symptoms. 20 indicators of study quality were coded, encompassing risk of bias,

BACKGROUND The prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) drug treatment for youth and adults has been rising exponentially in Iceland over the past 15 years. The efficacy of ADHD drugs is not as strongly supported for adults as for children and adolescents, and adult use has been reported to increase the risk of psychosis or mania. OBJECTIVE To assess the absolute risk of hospitalisation

BACKGROUND Adolescence constitutes a critical window for preventing depression, but efforts have mostly targeted single risk factors. The Identifying Depression Early in Adolescence Risk Score (IDEA-RS) integrates easily obtainable sociodemographic variables and has been able to predict future depression across diverse populations. However, its performance within a prospective cohort remains untested

Edelsbrunner et al. Educational Psychology Review, 37, 1–43, 2025 recently published a systematic review and meta-analysis of Cronbach's alphas in domain-specific knowledge tests. While appreciating their analysis and agreeing with most findings, we disagree with three messages regarding the use of alpha in knowledge tests: (1) alpha measures the strength of interrelations among items, (2) a low alpha