Section snippets Ethics committeeThe animal experiments were approved by the Committee of Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics, Peking University Health Science Center (DLASBE0020), and the Committee on the Ethics of Animal Experiments of the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (230713-03-GR). Authors' contributionsLW supervised and designed the study. TL

Inflammatory bowel disease remains a global health challenge, despite advances in treatment and understanding of disease biology. In this issue, we focus on the most pressing priorities in inflammatory bowel disease research and care.

Background and Aims: Many patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) present inadequate responses to lenvatinib therapy. Therefore, it is important to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of resistance and to formulate effective reversal strategies. Methods: We conducted comprehensive transcriptome and proteome sequencing analyses of lenvatinib-resistant cell lines and patient tissues to identify

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BackgroundTNF-like cytokine 1A (TL1A) is a key mediator of inflammation and fibrosis. The efficacy and safety of the anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody tulisokibart as induction treatment was assessed in adults with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease with a history of insufficient response, loss of response, or intolerance to conventional or approved biological therapies. MethodsIn the phase

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Section snippets Financial supportThis research has no fund. Authors' contributionsYoshiyasu Takefuji completed this research and wrote this article. Declaration of Competing InterestThe author has no conflict of interest.Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details.

Section snippets Authors’ contributionsHH: Writing and editing. LV: Writing and editing. Financial supportLV was supported by Italian Ministry of Health (Ministero della Salute), Ricerca Finalizzata 2021 RF-2021-12373889, Italian Ministry of Health, Ricerca Finalizzata PNRR 2022 “RATIONAL” PNRR-MAD-2022-12375656; The European Union, H2020-ICT-2018-20/H2020-ICT-2020-2 under grant agreement No. 101016726

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver diseases (MASLD) encompass a spectrum of liver disorders primarily defined by hepatic steatosis and cardiometabolic risk factors. MASLD affects over 30% of the global adult population, representing a substantial risk for public health. MASLD can progress from simple steatosis to steatohepatitis (termed MASH) marked by inflammation and fibrosis, potentially

Section snippets Authors' contributionsConcept and design: James Lok, Ivana Carey. Data collection: James Lok, Zillah Cargill, Ivana Carey, Mark Anderson. Writing of the article: James Lok. Statistical analysis: James Lok, Ivana Carey. Critical revision of the manuscript: Mark Anderson, Gavin Cloherty, Ivana Carey. Supervision: Ivana Carey. Data availability statementData supporting the findings of

Section snippets Authors' contributionsAll authors and collaborators contributed to this letter’s conception. Material preparation and data collection were performed by NR, CK, ML, and JR. The first draft of the manuscript was written by NR, with CK providing revisions. TK provided supervision, resources, and led the editing process. TK provided details on clinical decision making. All authors provided

Section snippets Background and contextHepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a severe complication of liver disease, indicating progression in decompensated cirrhosis and acute liver failure, and is associated with an increased risk of mortality.[1], [2], [3] The pathogenesis of HE is primarily driven by hyperammonemia, which acts as a neurotoxin, leading to astrocyte swelling and cerebral edema, thus contributing

Section snippets Background and contextHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with its incidence and mortality projected to increase by over 50% by 2040.1,2 A high recurrence rate of approximately 70% typically occurs within the first few years after resection, contributing to a high healthcare burden.3 The prediction of recurrence risk post-resection

Section snippets Background and contextPortal hypertension is the primary driver of hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis, which markedly worsens prognosis compared to the compensated stage.1,2 While etiological treatments and non-selective beta-blockers have been shown to delay decompensation or improve survival in compensated cirrhosis,3,4 no approved therapies currently exist to reverse

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It has come to our attention that there was an error in Supplementary Fig. 3C in our article. Incorrect representative flow cytometry images were inadvertently used. The corrected figure is presented below. We apologize for any inconvenience caused. Download: Download high-res image (2MB) Download: Download full-size image Supplementary Fig. 3. Flow cytometric analysis of immune cells in the blood

Together with carriers in liver and small intestine, kidney transporters function to conserve and compartmentalize bile acids in the enteronephrohepatic circulation. In patients with liver disease, systemic bile acid levels are elevated, undergo increased renal glomerular filtration, and contribute to the pathogenesis of cholemic nephropathy and acute kidney injury. In this review, we describe mechanisms

Section snippets Financial supportThe authors received no financial support to produce this manuscript. Authors' contributionsGM, LR, and AL contributed to the concept of the letter. GM and AL interpreted the data and drafted the manuscript. All authors critically revised the manuscript and approved its final draft. Data availability statementData are available on reasonable request.All authors confirm

Section snippets Authors' contributionsGB conceived the manuscript. All authors wrote, edited, and reviewed the final manuscript. Financial supportThe authors received no financial support to produce this manuscript. Declaration of Competing InterestThe authors declare no conflicts of interest that pertain to this work.Please refer to the accompanying ICMJE disclosure forms for further details.

The development of antidepressant drugs was largely based on the notion that a deficiency of monoaminergic function, specifically noradrenaline, was thought to contribute to depression. The first-generation antidepressant drugs, tricyclic antidepressants and monoamine oxidase inhibitors, were therefore developed to inhibit either monoamine reuptake or its degradation, respectively. Although both drug

Despite the Middle East and North Africa having the highest global burden of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, patients from this region remain markedly under-represented in the disease clinical drug trials. Addressing this gap is essential for ensuring equitable access to novel therapies and enhancing global liver health.

Section snippets Uncited reference7.; 7..

Section snippets Authors’ contributionsTZH wrote the editorial. Financial supportFunGeST team (FUNctional GEnomics of Solid Tumors) is supported by Ligue contre le cancer (équipe labellisée), SFCE (Société Française de Lutte Contre les Cancers et les Leucémies de l′Enfant), the SIRIC CARPEM, the SIRIC Paris Kids Cancer (PKC), PeLiCan. Resist InCa (Pediatric LIver CANcer database to combat RESISTance

Background and Aims: Thermal ablation is the standard of care treatment modality with curative intent for early-stage non-resectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but a durable response is limited—with up to 40% of HCC patients eventually experiencing local recurrence on post-treatment surveillance. While thermal ablation has been established to cause immediate cell death in the center of the thermal

The Coaltion for Global Hepatitis Elimination's National Hepatitis Elimination Profiles assess the status of national data, policy, and programme development the elimination of viral hepatitis. Profiles from 33 countries and territories show progress, towards elimination of hepatitis B with 24 (73%) of them meeting the 2025 WHO interim target of 0·5% or less HBsAg prevalence in children younger than

BackgroundAlthough several PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors combined with antiangiogenic agents have been approved as first-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, treatment needs remain unmet given the high incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma and due to factors such as regional approval status, medical insurance restrictions, and cost considerations. In this phase 3 HEPATORCH

The Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination's National Hepatitis Elimination Profiles assess the status of national data, policy, and programme development for the elimination of viral hepatitis. To date, profiles from 33 countries and territories have been developed. These profiles reveal that 30 (91%) countries and territories have hepatitis C national action plans, 11 (33%) have systems to monitor

Section snippets The influence of hematocrit (HCT) should be considered when detecting PEthAs PEth is a derivative of red blood cell membrane phospholipids, its concentration is positively associated with HCT. In patients with dehydration (such as vomiting after alcohol) or anemia, HCT may abnormally increase or decrease, which in turn leads to overestimation or underestimation of PEth levels in the

Section snippets Authors' contributionsAxel Wester drafted the manuscript. All authors critically reviewed the manuscript and approved it before submission. Financial supportAW was supported by the Syskonen Svensson foundation for medical research (2021-00284), Mag-Tarmfonden, the Bengt Ihre foundation (SLS-973809, SLS-999079), the Professor Nanna Svartz foundation (2022-00448), Region Stockholm (CIMED)

The immune-tolerant (IT) phase of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is a distinct stage of infection, characterized by high hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication, normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and minimal liver inflammation. Despite its classification as a benign phase, growing evidence challenges this notion, revealing immune activation, HBV DNA integration, and potential oncogenic processes

Chromosome 8q amplification is a frequent event in cancers including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). TATA-box binding protein Associated Factor 2 (TAF2), a component of Transcription Factor IID (TFIID) residing in 8q24.12, is amplified in HCC. As yet, a potential oncogenic function of TAF2 in HCC has not been documented. We identified TAF2 mRNA and protein overexpression in human HCC cells and tissue

Background: The succinate receptor GPR91 is highly expressed in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), with its expression further elevated during metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)-induced fibrotic progression. However, convincing in vivo data on whether blocking GPR91 signaling leads to fibrotic regression in MASH is lacking. Methods: MASH models were induced by choline-deficient amino

Advanced liver fibrosis and ‘At-Risk’ metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (At-Risk MASH) is present in 5% and 10% respectively of community based patients with steatotic liver disease (SLD) and metabolic risk factors and/or excess alcohol consumption. Identification of these patients is critical to guide prognosis and management due to their increased risk of liver decompensation and hepatocellular

Background and Aims: In the global, Phase 3 HIMALAYA study in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), STRIDE significantly improved overall survival (OS) versus sorafenib; durvalumab was noninferior to sorafenib. Immune checkpoint inhibitor studies have shown an association between the occurrence of immune-mediated adverse events (imAEs) and improved OS. We assessed potential associations between

BackgroundEarlier diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is key to improving overall survival in patients with this hard-to-treat cancer. We independently validated two previously identified plasma-based metabolic signatures for exclusion of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in cohorts with an increased annual risk. MethodsThe METAPAC study was a prospective, multicentre, investigator-masked

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a hepatotropic infection of global importance, an international scourge, and a cause of significant death and morbidity. It causes endemic outbreaks typically, and particularly in Asia, which are associated with faecal-oral/water-borne transmission and a high mortality in vulnerable groups, including pregnant women. In Western countries, sporadic HEV infections