BACKGROUND The outcomes of bone grafting for severe glenoid defects in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) are unpredictable. The purpose of this study was to describe the intermediate-term outcomes of glenoid bone grafting in RSA for severe glenoid defects utilizing a baseplate with a long central post. METHODS All patients who underwent glenoid bone grafting for severe glenoid defects during RSA

➢ Three-dimensional (3D) printing and virtual modeling, using computed tomographic (CT) scans as a base for the 3D-printed model, help surgeons to visualize relevant anatomy, may provide a better understanding of fracture planes, may help to plan surgical approaches, and can possibly simulate surgical fixation options.➢ Navigation systems create real-time 3D maps of patient anatomy intraoperatively

BACKGROUND The use of a 2-stage exchange remains a common management strategy for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). The use of an "antibiotic holiday" before the second stage to confirm the clearance of infection is often employed, but there is little evidence to guide this practice. The aim of this review was to systematically map the literature reporting on the use of an antibiotic holiday as

BACKGROUND An intraoperative midsubstance injury to the medial collateral ligament (MCL) is a devastating complication of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). No single treatment method has been shown to yield optimal stability. This cadaveric study compared primary MCL repair, increasing prosthetic constraint, and a combination of both techniques on tibiofemoral compartment gapping after an iatrogenic MCL

BACKGROUND Patients with apical spinal cord deformity have been shown to be at a greater risk for intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) alerts when undergoing posterior spinal instrumented fusion (PSF) for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The use of intraoperative traction during deformity correction has also been associated with an increased risk of IONM alerts. With use of the Spinal Cord Shape

BACKGROUND There has been weak consensus and a paucity of robust literature with regard to the best postoperative weight-bearing and immobilization regime for operatively treated ankle fractures. This trial compared immediate protected weight-bearing (IWB) with non-weight-bearing (NWB) with cast immobilization following ankle fracture fixation (open reduction and internal fixation [ORIF]), with a particular

BACKGROUND Previous studies have not compared airway resistance and morphological parameters before and after the treatment of severe scoliosis. In the present study, 3-dimensional (3D) computed tomographic (CT) reconstruction and impulse oscillometry (IOS) were used to evaluate the changes in airway dilation and airway resistance caused by posterior spinal fusion for the treatment of severe kyphoscoliosis

BACKGROUND The obesity epidemic has given rise to an orthopaedic patient subgroup with a body mass index (BMI) of ≥50 kg/m2. Without sound evidential guidance, arthroplasty surgeons and anesthesiologists do not know whether they can push the limits of the surgical feasibility of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) without risks of harm. METHODS In a retrospective cohort study of patients who had undergone

BACKGROUND Periprosthetic tibial fractures around a total knee replacement (TKR) remain challenging to manage, with little published information for guidance. The purpose of this study was to review the types, management techniques, and outcomes of periprosthetic tibial fractures in the largest series to date. METHODS We identified 300 periprosthetic tibial fractures (285 patients) around a TKR (43%

BACKGROUND Long-bone fractures in children can lead to premature physeal bar formation and growth disturbance. Bar excision has been studied, but data on prophylactic tissue interposition into physeal fractures are limited. This study used an established animal model to evaluate acute placement of fat autograft. The number of animals was selected to give 80% power on the basis of pilot data on induction

➢ Medical ethics education is a required component of orthopaedic surgery resident training per the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) guidelines, although no standardized curriculum currently exists.➢ Beyond the 4 principles of bioethics (autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, justice), additional ethical concepts relevant to orthopaedic care include utilitarianism, deontology

BACKGROUND Acute compartment syndrome (ACS) is a medical emergency and a cause of medical litigation across multiple specialties. We sought to compare the characteristics and outcomes of ACS-related litigation levied against surgeons in orthopaedics compared with other specialties. METHODS The Westlaw database was queried for ACS-related cases filed within the United States between 1980 and 2023 using

BACKGROUND Brachial plexus injury (BPI) leads to a variety of life-altering changes, both physically and mentally. While tremendous effort has been dedicated to improving patients' upper-extremity function through surgical and rehabilitation advances, patients' life experiences after BPI are largely understudied and poorly understood. Our study aims were to qualitatively assess the patient experience

BACKGROUND Depression and anxiety are recognized as adverse prognostic factors in various orthopaedic surgical interventions. The aim of this study is to report the intermediate-term outcomes of hip arthroscopy for the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) and labral tears in patients with depression and/or anxiety. METHODS Data were retrospectively analyzed for patients with a self-reported

BACKGROUND The calcaneonavicular distance has yet to be definitively defined on the basis of morphological studies and thus remains a somewhat elusive value for orthopaedists. The purposes of the present study were to measure the calcaneonavicular distance with use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a control pediatric population and to assess whether sex and age affected this distance. METHODS

BACKGROUND Osseointegration of a bone-anchored limb (BAL) establishes a direct skeletal interface for prosthesis attachment, simplifying the donning/doffing process. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) test reliably assesses mobility in individuals with lower-extremity amputation who use socket prostheses, but it does not account for the time required to don a prosthetic limb. The aim of this study was to develop

BACKGROUND Conventional sonication is a recommended method in the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), but the accuracy of diagnosis is still not ideal. We have applied the use of a handheld ultrasonic device and the intraoperative direct sonication of prostheses and soft tissues retrieved during surgery to improve the efficacy of the microbiological diagnosis of PJI and the incubation

➢ An at-risk lunate (due to anatomic factors) subjected to a trigger event (axial load, embolism, hypercoagulability) leads to the development of lunate osteonecrosis.➢ Children, adolescents, and elderly patients with Kienböck disease respond well to nonoperative treatments, and this should be considered before any surgical intervention.➢ For disease limited to the lunate, treatment decisions should

BACKGROUND Orthopaedic studies frequently include subjects with bilateral conditions. Failure to account for bilateral conditions can lead to spurious associations. The performance of different methods for addressing this issue, especially in populations that include subjects with unilateral and bilateral conditions, has not been rigorously evaluated. The purpose of the present study was to test 3

BACKGROUND While most total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) procedures utilize an anterior approach for implantation, the Zimmer Biomet Trabecular Metal implant is unique in that it utilizes a lateral transfibular approach. We present the largest mid-term study to date to analyze the implant survivorship and clinical and radiographic outcomes of transfibular TAA at a minimum 5-year follow-up. METHODS We retrospectively

BACKGROUND The direct superior approach (DSA) is a modification of the posterior approach (PA) that is intended to preserve the iliotibial band and short external rotators, except for the piriformis and conjoined tendon, during total hip arthroplasty (THA). The objective of this study was to compare postoperative pain scores between patients undergoing the DSA versus the PA for THA. METHODS This study

BACKGROUND Most femoral stem designs used in total hip arthroplasty (THA) take into account the proximal femoral morphotype in terms of lateralization and neck-shaft angle (NSA) but not version. The objective of this study was to analyze the acetabular anteversion and femoral anteversion (FA) values in a large cohort according to the 3-dimensional (3D) morphotype of the proximal femur. Our hypothesis

BACKGROUND After a lower-extremity fracture, the patient's priority is to regain function. To date, our ability to measure function has been limited. However, high-fidelity sensors in smartphones continuously measure mobility, providing an expansive pre- and post-injury gait history. We assessed whether pre-injury mobility data, combined with demographic and injury data, reliably predicted post-fracture

BACKGROUND Tillaux-Chaput fractures (TCFs) occur in the anterolateral rim of the distal tibia. TCFs are often overlooked on radiographic review, increasing the risk of chronic pain, instability, and ankle osteoarthritis. This study evaluated the effect of the computed tomography (CT) scan on preoperative planning for TCFs in adults. METHODS A retrospective review of ankle fractures evaluated from 2013

➢ Bone defect management is challenging, but essential, in revision total knee arthroplasty.➢ Appropriate metaphyseal fixation is crucial for stability and implant support.➢ Allografts have been traditionally used to address large defects, but the advent of highly porous metaphyseal cones and sleeves has attracted attention during the past years.➢ Metaphyseal implants are now available in a variety

BACKGROUND Rotator cuff tears (RCTs) commonly lead to muscle atrophy, fatty infiltration, and fibrosis, resulting in pain, weakness, and impaired shoulder mobility. These pathological changes are often irreversible and pose substantial treatment challenges. The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of muscle-derived mitochondria (Mito) in mitigating muscle degeneration and fibrosis

BACKGROUND A lumbosacral hemivertebra poses a unique problem, as it leads to a long compensatory curve above it and an obvious main curve. One-stage posterior hemivertebra resection with short segmental fusion is a standard surgery for patients with congenital scoliosis, but curve progression often occurs after surgery. The objective of this study was to investigate the risk factors for curve progression

BACKGROUND The literature on the subjective experience of patients undergoing treatment for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) is scarce, and treatment success is defined without consideration of patient values. The primary objective of this study was to characterize the experience of patients undergoing PJI management. The secondary and tertiary aims were

BACKGROUND At our institution, surgeons were observing cases of failed total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) with surface delamination of the tibial insert fabricated by direct compression molding. The increase in unexpected failure led us to investigate the prevalence of delamination and its causes through the use of retrieval analysis and reviews of clinical, demographic, and radiographic data. METHODS

BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal abnormalities have been reported among female professional ballet performers due, in part, to intrinsic predispositions related to joint and/or connective tissue laxity and extrinsic effectors such as reduced energy availability, low body mass, and high training volumes that may increase the risk of developing idiopathic scoliosis (IS). The purpose of this investigation was

BACKGROUND Although it is well established that the type of organism can be a risk factor for failure in patients with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI), no study to date has examined the impact of the number of positive cultures on treatment outcomes in patients undergoing 2-stage exchange. The purpose of this multicenter study was to determine the prognostic utility of multiple positive cultures

BACKGROUND Sarcopenia increases postoperative complication and mortality rates in elderly patients. Although measurement of the psoas muscle area on computed tomography (CT) scans is traditionally used to diagnose sarcopenia, CT is not routine in orthopaedic practice and causes unnecessary radiation exposure. EOS, a low-dose full-body imaging modality, captures musculoskeletal structures in an upright

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors associated with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) within 30 days after multilevel adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery and to develop risk prediction models. METHODS A retrospective observational study was conducted using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from

BACKGROUND Osseous reconstructive surgery for hip displacement in children with cerebral palsy (CP) consists of proximal femoral reorientation by varus derotational osteotomy (VDRO) combined with pelvic osteotomy when indicated. The rate of recurrent hip instability after the index surgery can be as high as 77%. We evaluated the association between femoral diaphyseal medialization at the VDRO site

BACKGROUND We previously established a small animal model of femoral head-neck cam-type hip deformity by inducing physeal injury in immature rabbits. We investigated whether this induced deformity led to hip osteoarthritis (OA) within 4 months. METHODS Six-week-old immature New Zealand White rabbits underwent surgery to induce physeal injury in the right femoral head, causing growth arrest and secondary

BACKGROUND Accelerated recovery from bone injuries is a paramount health-care goal with substantial impacts on physical status and overall well-being. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of colostrum supplementation on bone healing in patients with a traumatic extracapsular hip fracture (ECF). METHODS Patients with an ECF undergoing internal fixation were randomly assigned to receive either

BACKGROUND Venous thromboembolism (VTE), including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. Although rare in the general pediatric population, VTE remains a potential concern in hospitalized children, particularly those with lower-extremity (LE) fractures. With this study, we aimed to determine the risk of

BACKGROUND The treatment of ankle fractures involving the posterior malleolus (PM) has changed in favor of open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), and the need for additional syndesmotic stabilization has decreased; however, there are still doubts regarding the diagnosis and treatment of residual syndesmotic instability. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of fixation of the

Orthopaedic surgeons are called upon to lead in numerous clinical settings, but the importance of physician leadership is also relevant to administrative roles. As the complexity of health care has increased, the challenges confronting the orthopaedic physician leader have increased as well. During the past century, there has been a substantial increase in the number of non-physician CEO leaders, and

BACKGROUND Vitamin C shows strong anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects, so we explored whether it can replace glucocorticoids in reducing pain and inflammation after total hip arthroplasty (THA). METHODS In this prospective trial, a consecutive series of 107 patients (43.0% men, 56.8 ± 10.1 years of age, 100% Han Chinese) who underwent THA due to end-stage hip disease at our medical center between

BACKGROUND The present study aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of lumbosacral hemivertebra (LSHV) resection and short segmental fusion in a pediatric population and to assess the evolution of deformity curves. METHODS Patients who sought medical attention at our institution between 2010 and 2018 were assessed for eligibility. A classification of R10 and U9 or higher for the distal radius and ulna

BACKGROUND The sequelae of open reduction of developmental and/or syndromic hip dislocations include osteonecrosis/proximal femoral growth disturbance and residual dysplasia. There is limited information comparing the rates of these sequelae in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC). We performed a dual-center retrospective cohort study to

BACKGROUND Effective perioperative blood glucose control is crucial for reducing postoperative complications in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) who are undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aim of this study was to assess the impact of intravenous (IV) dexamethasone on blood glucose levels, insulin requirements, postoperative pain, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients

BACKGROUND High body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for tibial baseplate loosening following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) but may not adequately correlate with stresses at the tibial baseplate. In this study, we aimed to determine an optimal cutoff of a weight-to-tibial baseplate surface-area ratio (weight/SA) for predicting aseptic tibial baseplate loosening. We further examined whether tibial

BACKGROUND Directed growth modulation is commonly utilized as a surgical treatment for early-onset scoliosis. Growing rods are instrumented on the spine and apply sustained tension on the immature spine for a substantial amount of time, with the clinical goal of accommodating axial expansion of the spine. Despite the use of growing rods in humans, the mechanobiology of the spinal tissues under tensile

BACKGROUND The indications for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) are restricted by multiple criteria. The aim of this study was to explore the functional results of UKA in a population of patients outside the classical criteria. METHODS This study included a population of 197 patients who underwent UKA for medial osteoarthritis between 2017 and 2020. Two groups of patients were compared: those