Autism was introduced by Eugen Bleuler in 1910 as a defining feature of schizophrenia, and it remained so for 80 years. However, the concept was borrowed by Leo Kanner and Hans Asperger to describe another condition (infantile autism) and eventually awareness of autistic features in schizophrenia declined. Today, autistic features are by default considered indicative of autism spectrum disorder, and

Transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) people are disproportionately affected by interpersonal violence and face barriers to accessing post-violence health services globally. Post-violence care guidelines are broadly applicable, but specific considerations for TGD individuals have not been synthesised. In this systematic review, we synthesise the values and preferences of TGD adults and health providers

Farhat LC, Lannes A, Del Giovane C, et al. Comparative cardiovascular safety of medications for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in children, adolescents, and adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry 2025; 12: 355–65—In this Article, the spelling of the name Anneka Tomlinson was incorrect. This correction has been made to the online version as of May 29, 2025

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Horsdal HT, Albiñana C, Zhu Z, et al. Convergent evidence linking neonatal vitamin D status and risk of neurodevelopmental disorders: a Danish case-cohort study. Lancet Psychiatry 2025; 12: 410–20—In this Article, Prof P B Mortensen's degree should read DrMedSc; the second sentence of the Findings subsection in the Summary and the second sentence of the Results section, should end “...we measured 25(OH)D

Gao Y, Staginnus M, and the ENIGMA-Antisocial Behavior Working Group. Cortical structure and subcortical volumes in conduct disorder: a coordinated analysis of 15 international cohorts from the ENIGMA-Antisocial Behavior Working Group. Lancet Psychiatry 2024; 11: 620–32—The appendix of this Article has been corrected as of May 21, 2025.

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There is growing evidence linking neonatal vitamin D deficiency to an increased risk of schizophrenia, ADHD, and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this study was to examine the association between two vitamin D biomarkers (25 hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and vitamin D-binding protein [DBP], and their related genetic correlates) and the risk of six mental disorders.

Anxiety and its disorders are common in later life. Given the known risks of psychopharmacological treatments in older adults, clinical decision making for anxiety management should be guided by the strongest available evidence. This study aimed to comprehensively synthesise evidence on the pharmacological treatment of anxiety in older adults.

Non-remission after psychological therapy for major depressive disorder is common, yet there are no established further-line treatments. In the UK National Health Service (NHS) Talking Therapies programme, about 50% of patients with depression who come to the end of the stepped care pathway do not show remission of symptoms. We aimed to investigate whether mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT)

Nomura N, Siafis S, Schneider-Thoma J, et al. The trajectory of sedative adverse events caused by antipsychotics: a meta-analysis of individual participant data from randomised, placebo-controlled, clinical trials inacute phase schizophrenia. Lancet Psychiatry 2025; 12: 266–75—The appendix of this Article has been corrected as of May 8, 2025.

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This Personal View provides a normative and conceptual analysis of the intersection between the recovery movement and psychiatry. Although recovery emerged as a grassroots social justice movement emphasising empowerment and systemic change, psychiatry remains rooted in the medical paradigm. We aim to develop a nuanced conceptual framework that fosters academic debate and meaningful implementation,

Individuals with severe mental illness, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, have elevated rates of physical health conditions, contributing to increased morbidity and mortality. While environmental factors such as adverse effects from medication and lifestyle changes play a role, the contribution of genetic liability to physical health comorbidities remains underexplored. We investigated

Cleare AJ, Kerr-Gaffney J, Goldsmith K, et al. Clinical and cost-effectiveness of lithium versus quetiapine augmentation for treatment-resistant depression: a pragmatic, open-label, parallel-group, randomised controlled superiority trial in the UK. Lancet Psychiatry 2025; 12: 276–88—In this Article, Kirsty James should have been included in the LQD Study Group list. This correction has been made to

Mimiaga MJ, Yonko EA. LGBTQ+ mental health in the wake of USA politics. Lancet Psychiatry 2025; published online April 23. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(25)00096-3—The fourth sentence of paragraph 2 should read, “data from the 2015 US transgender survey found that 7% had attempted suicide in the past year,4 almost 12 times the rate in the USA population (0·6%) as reported by the Substance Abuse

McCutcheon RA, Pillinger T, Varvari I, et al. INTEGRATE: international guidelines for the algorithmic treatment of schizophrenia. Lancet Psychiatry 2025; 12: 384–94—In this Health Policy, an arrow in the figure erroneously pointed from the Assess Adherence box to Effective?. This correction has been made to the online version as of MMM DD, YYYY

Existing pharmacotherapies and psychotherapies are often inadequate, and discovery for new pharmacological treatments in psychiatry is slow. Existing pharmacotherapies are, however, often inadequate. Few truly novel pharmacotherapies have emerged in the past four decades, largely due to the absence of a known pathophysiology for each disorder. In this Personal View, we describe the platform we have

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People who are incarcerated in Africa are not a focus of global mental health research, and incarceration is absent from many international mental health guidelines. Given the dearth of knowledge and services, priorities for research and practice should be established. The Delphi method was used to identify priority challenges related to mental health and substance use disorders among people who are

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The Lancet Psychiatry. Thanks to our peer reviewers for 2024. The Lancet Psychiatry 2025; 12: e3–6—In this Comment, Ángel Aguilera Martín should have been included in the list of peer reviewers for 2024. This correction has been made to the online version as of April 15, 2025.

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Fewer than 25% of patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) receive guideline-adherent psychotherapy. Digital therapeutics can help reduce this gap. Therefore, we tested the effectiveness and safety of priovi, a digital therapeutic for BPD.

Although information from real-world data can be used to identify factors that aid treatment choice, there are no guidelines for the use of such data. The aim of this Review is to summarise and evaluate definitions of treatment outcomes for antidepressants, antipsychotics, and mood stabilisers when using real-world data, and to suggest standards for the field. Given that no standards for the use of

Depression among young people (aged 18–29 years) transitioning to adulthood is becoming more widespread. Knowing which factors in which systems co-enable resilience to depression is crucial, but there is no comprehensive synthesis of the physiological, psychological, social, economic, institutional, cultural, and environmental system factors associated with no or minimal emerging adult depression,

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New treatment options are needed for adolescent schizophrenia, partly due to an unfavourable risk–benefit profile of current options. This trial aimed to evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of brexpiprazole in adolescents with schizophrenia.

Concerns about the cardiovascular safety of medications used for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) remain. We aimed to compare the effects of pharmacological treatments for ADHD on haemodynamic values and electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters in children, adolescents, and adults.

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Schizophrenia is a mental illness involving multiple symptom domains and is often associated with substantial physical health comorbidities. Guidelines exist, but these tend to be country-specific and are often missing a concise yet comprehensive algorithmic approach. From May 1, 2023, to Jan 1, 2025, International Guidelines for Algorithmic Treatment (INTEGRATE) authors from all UN regions collaborated

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The brain disease model of addiction has dominated public and scientific discourse on addiction (termed substance use disorder [SUD] in the DSM-5) over the past 3 decades. The model framed addiction as a chronic and relapsing brain disease caused by structural and functional brain alterations. The purpose of this model was purportedly dual, as both an aetiological theory and a tool to reduce stigma

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Sedative adverse events are common in patients with schizophrenia undergoing antipsychotic treatment, which affects treatment adherence and the patients’ quality of life. Although tolerance to sedation is believed to develop, robust evidence documenting the timing of sedation onset and resolution remains elusive. To address this gap, we aimed to assess the dynamics of onset and resolution of sedation

Lithium and quetiapine are first-line augmentation options for treatment-resistant depression; however, few studies have compared them directly, and none for longer than 8 weeks. We aimed to assess whether quetiapine augmentation therapy is more clinically effective and cost-effective than lithium for patients with treatment-resistant depression over 12 months.

Minority ethnic groups often face ethnocultural barriers in accessing mental health treatments. The ROSHNI-2 trial compared culturally adapted cognitive behavioural therapy (Positive Health Programme [PHP]) with treatment as usual for postnatal depression in British south Asian women. We aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of the PHP intervention.

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Caregivers of autistic children experience particularly poor levels of mental health and increased caregiving complexities. Proactive post-diagnostic family support is recommended but is inconsistently implemented, largely not evidence based, and does not directly address caregiver mental health. This study aimed to test the clinical effectiveness of the Empower-Autism programme plus treatment as usual

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Johnson N E, Malimabe M, Yoon G H, et al. Integration of local realities to address mental health in Africa. Lancet Psychiatry 2025; published online Feb 19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(25)00005-7—In this Comment, the first two institutions in the affiliations section should be listed as: Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital of Basel, Basel

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