Past efforts to measure blood flow with the widely available radiotracer 18F-FDG were limited to tissues with high 18F-FDG extraction fraction. In this study, we developed an early dynamic 18F-FDG PET method with high-temporal-resolution (HTR) kinetic modeling to assess total-body blood flow based on deriving the vascular phase of 18F-FDG transit and conducted a pilot comparison study against a 11C-butanol

Long–axial-field-of-view (LAFOV) PET scanners enable substantial reduction in injected radiotracer activity while maintaining clinically feasible scan times. Whole-body CT scans performed for PET attenuation correction can significantly add to total radiation exposure. We investigated the feasibility of an ultra-low-dose PET protocol and the application of a CT-less PET attenuation correction method

18F-FDG PET/CT imaging is widely used in oncology. Long–axial-field-of-view (LAFOV) PET/CT systems exhibit ultrahigh sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratios, enabling significant reductions in tracer activity and shorter acquisition times. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of using ultralow activities for semiquantitative measurements in 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging performed on an LAFOV PET/CT

Our aim is to assess the cost-effectiveness of long–axial-field-of-view (LAFOV) versus short–axial FOV (SAFOV) PET/CT systems using international data. Methods: Our model compares equipment and operational costs for a PET/CT center and investigates the effect of camera choice (SAFOV vs. LAFOV) and operational models. Variables include scanner, personnel, radiopharmaceuticals, and operational costs

The goal of this study was to conduct an external, independent validation of an O-(2-[18F]fluoroethyl)-l-tyrosine ([18F]FET) PET automatic segmentation network on a cohort of patients with glioblastoma. Methods: Twenty-four patients with glioblastoma were included in this study who underwent a total of 52 [18F]FET PET scans (preradiotherapy, n = 23; preradiotherapy retest, n = 9; follow-up, n = 20)

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is essential for maintaining cellular proteostasis and may play an important role in the development of neurodegenerative proteinopathies. Therefore, we aimed to develop an Hsp90-specific PET brain tracer to quantify Hsp90 expression in the brain in vivo in order to explore its potential as a biomarker for neurodegenerative disease characterization and to support Hsp90-targeted

Although the alteration of glutamate α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid receptor (AMPAR) distribution is believed to underlie physiologic and pathologic neuronal function, there has been no modality to evaluate AMPARs in a living human. [11C]K-2, the PET tracer we previously developed, is the first and only technology, to the best of our knowledge, to visualize AMPAR densities in

The second-generation tau radioligand [18F]florzolotau is a promising biomarker for 4-repeat (4R) tauopathies such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD), which are difficult to disentangle clinically. Prior studies evaluating the diagnostic accuracy of [18F]florzolotau PET focused on highly selected patient populations (e.g., PSP–Richardson syndrome or amyloid-β–negative

We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of [18F]flurpiridaz PET/CT for localization of parathyroid adenomas in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Methods: Data for 11 patients with pHPT undergoing dual-time-point [18F]flurpiridaz PET/CT for localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands were retrospectively analyzed. PET/CT findings were compared with results of other imaging tests

Radiotherapy using an α-particle emitting radionuclide has emerged as a promising candidate for cancer treatment; however, the efficacy of 212Bi for mouse melanoma treatment has not yet been studied. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of 212Bi-labeled macroaggregated albumin (MAA) in delivering radiation to mouse melanoma cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The efficacy of 212Bi efficacy in killing melanoma

Lymphoma remains a significant health concern, necessitating innovative treatment approaches. 161Tb’s coemission of ultra-short-range conversion and Auger electrons, with its medium-energy β–-particles, may enable the elimination of single cells and small clusters present in circulation, improving therapeutic outcomes. In this study, we compared 161Tb radioimmunotherapy targeting CD30—a receptor overexpressed

We investigated pharmacokinetics, dosimetric patterns, and absorbed dose (AD)–effect correlations in [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) for metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) to develop strategies for future personalized dosimetry-guided treatments. Methods: Patients treated with standard [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE PRRT were recruited for serial SPECT/CT imaging. Kidneys were

The use of PET/CT with gastrin-releasing peptide receptor (GRPR) ligand [68Ga]Ga-AMTG has recently been shown to diagnose metastatic disease not detected by 18F-PSMA PET/CT in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. This study aimed to analyze the serum stability of [177Lu]Lu-AMTG in human subjects due to the compound’s high stability observed preclinically and to elucidate its

Prostate cancer is the most common solid malignancy to metastasize to the testicles, although testicular metastases remain rare and are often discovered only postmortem. Methods: Retrospective analysis of 95 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT reports from September 2016 to July 2024 using scrotal region search terms identified 30 patients with indeterminate findings and 6 patients

This phase 1, dose-escalation study examined the use of the radiolabeled antibody 124I-Omburtamab delivered directly to brain-stem tumors via convection-enhanced delivery (CED). CED bypasses the blood–brain barrier by injecting the agent under the pressure of a peristaltic pump to convectively drive the therapeutic agent through the brain tissue and tumor compartment, enabling high concentrations at

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lags behind other breast cancer types in targeted therapeutic and diagnostic imaging agent development, largely due to high disease heterogeneity. Noninvasive imaging is essential for diagnosing and staging TNBC and predicting and measuring treatment response. This study targeted a conserved disease-specific extracellular matrix protein domain (the extra domain

Trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), a human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)–targeted antibody–drug conjugate, demonstrated remarkable efficacy in previously treated patients with HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (mBC), marking a new therapeutic option for this patient population. Prior studies with HER2 PET using 89Zr-radiolabeled antibodies were limited by high rates of imaging false positives

CD70 has emerged as a promising biomarker for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study investigated CD70 expression patterns in NPC specimens and evaluated the diagnostic potential of CD70-targeted [18F]RCCB6 immuno-PET/CT in patients with NPC. Methods: CD70 expression was analyzed in 80 archived NPC specimens and correlated with clinical and pathologic features. Using [18F]RCCB6, a single-domain

The Highlights Lecture, presented at the closing session of each SNMMI Annual Meeting, was originated and presented for more than 30 y by Henry N. Wagner, Jr., MD. Beginning in 2010, the duties of summarizing selected significant presentations at the meeting were divided annually among 4 distinguished nuclear and molecular medicine subject matter experts. The 2024 Highlights Lectures were delivered

The study of the human phenome is essential for understanding the complexities of wellness and disease and their transitions, with molecular imaging being a vital tool in this exploration. Molecular imaging embodies the 4 principles of human phenomics: precise measurement, accurate calculation or analysis, well-controlled manipulation or intervention, and innovative invention or creation. Its application

This review explores the role of PET in imaging immune activation, particularly in oncology. 18F-FDG is widely used for assessing treatment response to immunotherapies and can demonstrate unique response patterns as well as immune-related adverse events. However, because of the limited specificity of 18F-FDG, newer PET radiopharmaceuticals targeting specific cellular or subcellular components of the

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET is a well-established imaging tool for the evaluation of primary and recurrent prostate cancer (PCa). 177Lu PSMA-targeted radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) enables direct delivery of β-radiation to PSMA-expressing PCa cells while minimizing damage to normal tissue. As PSMA RPT becomes more widely used, there is growing interest in evaluating the predictive

Visual Abstract

Multisystemic inflammation might be a key pathophysiologic mechanism in post–coronavirus disease 2019 (post-COVID) syndrome. N,N-diethyl-2-(2-(4-(2-fluoroethoxy)phenyl)5,7dimethylpyrazolo[1,5a] pyrimidin-3-yl)acetamide ([18F]DPA-714), which binds with high affinity the translocator protein (TSPO) receptor, is used as a marker of inflammation. Therefore, quantifying [18F]DPA-714 uptake throughout the

Skeletal metastases portend a poor prognosis for patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). Literature on peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) specific to patients with skeletal metastases from NETs is scarce. This study assessed real-world clinical outcomes of 177Lu-DOTATATE PRRT in this patient subgroup. Methods: Data from consecutive patients with well-differentiated NETs and skeletal metastases

Visual Abstract

Medical image fusion (MIF) plays an important role in precision diagnostics and treatment planning management, and medical image fusion quality assessment (MIFQA) has an aggressive effect in improving MIF performance. However, obtaining medical reference images is difficult, and the significant demand for medical prior knowledge and reference images is an important challenge in the field of MIFQA.

OBJECTIVE Arterial wall Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake can reflect vascular inflammation in Takayasu's arteritis (TAK); however, its association with vascular prognosis remains unclear. This study assessed the predictive efficacy of the PET vascular activity score (PETVAS) for vascular prognosis and whether FDG uptake in specific arterial territories was associated with angiographic progression in

PURPOSE The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) has become a promising target for biologics in both monitoring and treating neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aimed to develop and compare bispecific anti-TREM2 antibodies featuring different transferrin receptor (TfR) binders to enhance brain delivery, identifying the most suitable format for in vivo PET imaging

Ultrasound imaging is pivotal in clinical diagnostics due to its affordability, portability, safety, real-time capability, and non-invasive nature. It is widely utilized for examining various organs, such as the breast, thyroid, ovary, cardiac, and more. However, the manual interpretation and annotation of ultrasound images are time-consuming and prone to variability among physicians. While single-task

BACKGROUND Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy characterized by altered glucose metabolism. Integration of PET/CT radiomics with glucose metabolism-related genomic signatures could provide a more comprehensive approach for prognosis and treatment guidance. METHODS Radiomics features were extracted from PET/CT images of 156 NSCLC patients from The Cancer Imaging Archive

PURPOSE Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) has emerged as one of the most promising theranostic targets. FT-FAPI, a potential FAP-targeted probe with enhanced tumor-targeting ability using an organotrifluoroborate linker, was verified for the biological effect in cell and animal experiments in previous work. However, the differences in pharmacokinetic profiles, biodistribution and dosimetry of FT-FAPI

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to, evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in high-risk prostate cancer (PC) compared to [¹⁸F]PSMA / [⁶⁸Ga]Ga- PSMA- and [¹⁸F]FDG- PET/CT as well as multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ten patients with high-risk PC (PSA > 20 ng/mL, Gleason score > 7, or > T2c)

Purpose To date, the survival benefits of multiple radioactive iodine therapies (RAIT) in RAI-avid pulmonary micrometastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) remain debatable. This study aimed to compare the progression-free survival (PFS) benefits between those received only once RAIT (o-RAIT) and multiple RAITs (m-RAIT) in such patients. Methods Patients with RAI-avid pulmonary micrometastatic

Purpose Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a potential target for radioligand therapy (RLT) in neuro-oncology. This study investigates the direct relation between [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 uptake on PET and PSMA expression in the tumour micro-environment of high-grade glioma (HGG) and brain metastasis (BM). Methods Twelve patients with HGG (glioblastoma n = 6, oligodendroglioma n = 1), or BM (lung-

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and develop a quantitative pCR prediction model. We compared the model's performance with RECIST 1.1 and PERCIST. Method A retrospective review was conducted on patients with resectable NSCLC who received

Introduction We aimed to investigate the value of primary tumour F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) parameters and textural features in predicting tumour response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neo-CRT) and prognosis in paediatric patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Materials and methods Twenty-eight paediatric patients with STS who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT studies before neo-CRT were included

Purpose Treatment response assessment in grade 1/2 neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has been a key challenge due to their indolent nature. Here, we propose the novel response evaluation criteria with [68Ga]Ga-somatostatin analogue (SSA)-PET/CT in grade 1/2 NETs (RECIN) following [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE therapy and evaluate its survival impact vis-à-vis conventional radiographic response assessment. Methods

Purpose Given the increasing inclusion of ECOG 3 patients in oncology practice, data on this subgroup in the context of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radioligand therapy (RLT) remain limited. This study evaluates the safety and outcome of PSMA-RLT in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients with ECOG performance status 3. Methods In this analysis, a cohort

Few-shot medical image segmentation typically uses a joint model for registration and segmentation. The registration model aligns a labeled atlas with unlabeled images to form initial masks, which are then refined by the segmentation model. However, inevitable spatial misalignments during registration can lead to inaccuracies and diminished segmentation quality. To address this, we developed EFS-MedSeg

The fetal standard plane acquisition task aims to detect an Ultrasound (US) image characterized by specified anatomical landmarks and appearance for assessing fetal growth. However, in practice, due to variability in human operator skill and possible fetal motion, it can be challenging for a human operator to acquire a satisfactory standard plane. To support a human operator with this task, this paper