We recently read an article by Lim TS et al. [1] published in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle entitled ‘Association Between Handgrip Strength and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in MASLD: A Prospective Study From UK Biobank.’ This study focused on an important health issue in the metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) population and attempted to predict cardiovascular

We recently had the pleasure of reviewing the systematic review by Dajani et al. [1], titled ‘Oncological and Survival Endpoints in Cancer Cachexia Clinical Trials: Systematic Review’. This work, the sixth in the Cachexia Endpoints Series, impressively synthesizes data from 57 trials involving 9743 patients, offering a comprehensive overview of oncological endpoints in cancer cachexia (CC) research

We appreciate the opportunity to respond to the comments raised by Silva and Cipriano [1] regarding our recently published systematic review and meta-analysis on acute sarcopenia [2]. Constructive discussions such as this help clarify methodological considerations and enhance scientific understanding. Firstly, regarding knee extensor strength measurement, Silva and Cipriano [1] note that our review

We are writing in response to the comments by Kim [1] regarding our previous publication [2] in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM). In our original publication, we reported our experience in screening sarcopenia patients according to the Asian Working Group on Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 definition [3]. During the course of the study, we realized that using the BIA in community settings

Parkinson's disease (PD) increases fracture risk owing to postural instability and bone fragility, with femur fractures being the most frequent and clinically significant. Many patients with PD experience weight loss as the disease progresses, and low body mass index (BMI) is a well-established fracture risk factor. However, the relationship between longitudinal BMI changes and femur fracture risk

While multidomain interventions show promise for promoting healthy aging, their impact on brain structure remains unclear. This randomized controlled trial (ENHANCE) assessed the efficacy of a 12-month group-based multidomain intervention on brain structure and function in community-dwelling older adults, with particular attention to urban–rural disparities.

We read with great interest the recent longitudinal study by Hendrickse et al., which examined changes in muscle morphology and performance in Masters sprinters over a 10-year period [1]. The authors found preserved muscle histology yet a significant decline in functional outcomes such as sprint time and jump power. While this is an important contribution to our understanding of ageing muscle, we would

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] may enhance skeletal muscle metabolism and increase muscle mass through activation of vitamin D receptor pathways, reduction of oxidative stress and mitigation of mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence. However, due to inherent limitations associated with traditional observational studies, previous findings remain inconsistent. Mendelian randomization

Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass, strength, and/or performance. It is strongly associated with all-cause mortality. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is markedly elevated in patients with chronic kidney disease, especially those receiving maintenance dialysis. FGF23 has previously been shown to have a direct role in cardiac dysfunction mediated through left ventricular hypertrophy

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is associated with exercise intolerance, accompanied by alterations in the peripheral skeletal muscle (SKM). We have recently shown that titin, a giant sarcomere protein, is hyperphosphorylated in HFpEF. MuRF1 is a muscle-specific ubiquitin E3-ligase that interacts with titin. Blocking this interaction via small molecules (MyoMed205) can improve

The causal relationship between cognitive impairment and functional decline seems bidirectional in older adults. This study aimed to determine the moderating effect of handgrip strength on the relationship between cognition and functional independence among Brazilian nonagenarians and centenarians.

Ageing is commonly associated with a decrease in muscle strength, which is largely linked to decreases in skeletal muscle mass (SMM). The rate of the age-related decline in muscle strength is different from the rate of the age-related decline in SMM. Current estimation methods for SMM, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), evaluate both intracellular and

Sarcopenia represents a major clinical and societal challenge facing rapidly aging populations. Accessible and specific biomarkers represent valuable tools, both in diagnosis and assessing the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF) is the most commonly used blood-based biomarker of neuromuscular junction degradation in aging, inactivity and disease, but large unexplained

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway and its bone-specific inhibitor, sclerostin, play important roles in skeletal development and homeostasis. The humanized sclerostin antibody, romosozumab, can significantly increase bone mineral density (BMD) of patients with osteoporosis, but it may also increase cardiovascular adverse events, particularly in male patients. We try to investigate the effects of novel aptamers

Muscle strength, mass and function have been associated with falls, fractures and mortality, but the results vary between previous studies. We aimed to investigate the predictive ability of muscle strength and mass with 10-year incident fragility fractures.

White matter hyperintensity (WMH) is one of the key imaging markers of cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) and white matter microstructural injury may occur earlier than WMH. However, the associations of handgrip strength (HGS) and serum total testosterone (STT) with WMH and microstructural injury have not been thoroughly investigated. Therefore, we aimed to explore the associations of HGS and STT

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) increases the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with prostate cancer. ADT can induce body composition change; however, the association between body composition change and cardiovascular outcomes remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the association between ADT-induced body composition change and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with prostate

Skeletal muscle atrophy and insulin resistance (IR) aggravate each other. Vitamin K2 (VK2) exhibits beneficial effects on IR, but whether it improves IR associated skeletal muscle atrophy remains insufficiently understood. This study aims to investigate the effects of VK2 on IR associated skeletal muscle atrophy in high-fat diet (HFD) mice and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and explore the

Effective treatments for skeletal muscle atrophy, a debilitating condition linked to ageing and glucocorticoid therapy, remain lacking. Zinc finger BED-type containing 6 (ZBED6), a transcriptional repressor, enhances muscle growth and protects against sepsis-induced atrophy, but its role in ageing- and dexamethasone (Dex)-induced muscle atrophy remains unknown. This study investigated the protective

BackgroundObesity and aging share biological processes, but their relationship remains unclear, especially in late life. Understanding how body mass index (BMI) and biological aging influence each other can guide strategies to reduce age‐ and obesity‐related health risks. We examined the bidirectional, longitudinal association between changes in BMI and biological aging, measured by frailty index (FI)

Platinum‐based chemotherapeutics, particularly cisplatin, are crucial in the treatment of various malignancies due to their strong antitumor effects. However, a significant side effect of cisplatin is muscle atrophy, which severely impairs physical strength, diminishes quality of life and complicates cancer therapy. Cisplatin‐induced muscle wasting arises from a complex interplay of enhanced proteolysis

BackgroundObesity and sarcopenia are prevalent among older adults and associated with adverse health outcomes. The aims of the present study were to assess the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity, to evaluate the co‐occurence of sarcopenia, obesity and malnutrition (risk) and to assess the association between specific characteristics and sarcopenic obesity/probable sarcopenic obesity in nursing home residents

BackgroundSarcopenia is associated with an increased risk for dementia. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between sarcopenia‐related indices and cognitive decline in the general population.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study involving 263 participants (163 men with a median age of 60 years [interquartile range = 53–70] and 100 women with a median age of 58 years [interquartile range

We thank Du et al. for their comments [1] on our recent manuscript suggesting lower temporal muscle thickness (TMT) is a prognostic factor for shorter survival following surgical management of chronic subdural haematoma (CSDH) [2]. Du et al. raised several important remarks from our manuscript. First, they discuss the application of two- and three-dimensional temporal muscle measurements in addition

Background and AimsCancer cachexia is characterised by significant weight loss and muscle wasting that adversely affects patient outcomes. Nutritional interventions in cancer cachexia leads to improved outcomes, including improved weight change. However, there are wide variations in weight response to dietary interventions. Thus, it remains difficult to predict response to a given increase in dietary

BackgroundSkeletal muscle is a major target for ethanol‐induced perturbations, leading to sarcopenia in alcohol‐related liver disease (ALD). The complex interactions and pathways involved in adaptive and maladaptive responses to ethanol in skeletal muscle are not well understood. Unlike hypothesis‐driven experiments, an integrated multiomics‐experimental validation approach provides a comprehensive

BackgroundComputed tomography (CT) scan–defined myosteatosis is a common feature in ESKD patients receiving kidney transplantation (KT) and is associated with mortality after KT. We aimed to explore the impact of myosteatosis and other CT scan based morphometric data on the occurrence of early surgical complications after KT.MethodsWe retrospectively measured on an unenhanced cross‐sectional CT scan

BackgroundTo date, most research investigating the influence of circulating sex hormones on ageing female skeletal muscle has been cross‐sectional and focused only on dichotomised young and old, or pre‐ versus post‐menopausal groups. This excludes an important transitional period from high to low circulating oestrogen. Using secondary data from the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging, this study

BackgroundBoth longitudinal and cross‐sectional studies have demonstrated that muscle mass, strength and power are lost with ageing. Although longitudinal studies have shown changes in muscle morphology and function in sedentary, healthy active and endurance‐trained older people, less is known about such age‐related changes in sprint athletes. It has been proposed that active older people may provide

BackgroundWe recently demonstrated that following a 10‐day exposure to inactivity/simulated microgravity impairments of oxidative metabolism were located ‘upstream’ of mitochondrial function, as evaluated by maximal ADP‐stimulated mitochondrial respiration (JO2max) determined ex vivo. The aim of this study was to evaluate mitochondrial sensitivity to submaximal [ADP] by an alternative approach aimed

Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) are rare disorders characterized by progressive muscle fibre loss, leading to replacement by fibrotic and fatty tissue, muscle weakness and disability. Early diagnosis is critical for therapeutic decisions, care planning and genetic counselling. Muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a valuable diagnostic tool by identifying characteristic patterns of muscle

No abstract is available for this article.

IntroductionSarcopenia is associated with the loss of skeletal muscle function and mass. Nicotinamide precursors, such as nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) and nicotinamide riboside (NR), have received attention for their potential to improve NAD+ levels and mitigate age‐related sarcopenia in preliminary models, though evidence on their effects in older adults remains inconclusive.MethodsWe searched

BackgroundWalking speed is a reliable marker of sarcopenia and a strong predictor of mortality, but its relationship with cancer incidence remains largely unexplored. We aimed to investigate the association between walking speed and the risk of any cancer and five common cancers, including lung, breast, colorectum, prostate, and stomach, and to explore potential mediation by biomarkers of inflammation

BackgroundCompensated cirrhosis due to metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (CC‐MASLD) increases morbidity and mortality risk but has no aetiology‐specific treatment. We investigated the safety and efficacy signals of severe energy restriction.MethodsIn this randomised controlled trial, adults with CC‐MASLD and obesity in a tertiary hepatology centre were randomised 2:1 to receive

BackgroundOestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) plays an important role in maintaining mitochondrial function and regulating metabolism in skeletal muscle. However, its alterations and potential mechanisms in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) remain incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrated the protective role of ERα in myocyte for skeletal muscle regeneration in mdx mice and explored the therapeutic

BackgroundThe Popeye domain containing 3 (POPDC3) protein is essential for the maintenance of skeletal muscle homeostasis. POPDC3 is a pathogenic variant gene of limb‐girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), and its variants lead to LGMDR26. At the animal level, zebrafish larvae with popdc3 mutations develop tail curls and muscle atrophy. However, the mechanism of skeletal muscle atrophy induced by POPDC3

BackgroundTranscriptional intermediary factor 1γ (TIF1γ) is a negative regulator of TGF‐β1 signalling and has been associated with patient survival in renal cell carcinoma. However, its role in diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly in diabetic nephropathy (DN), remains unclear. DN is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the potential role of TIF1γ in mitigating multiple

To the Editors of the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle It is estimated that around 10% of people infected with COVID-19 continue to struggle with permanent or new symptoms even months after the acute illness [1]. One of the most severe forms of this Long Covid syndrome is known as myalgic encephalitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). This is a neuroimmunological disease with a prevalence

BackgroundMaternal prepregnancy obesity predisposes offspring to obesity and metabolic disorders, yet its impact on skeletal muscle fibre transition remains unclear. Given that skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in systemic metabolism, we investigated how maternal prepregnancy high‐fat diet (HFD) influences muscle fibre composition and metabolic function in offspring.MethodsWe established mouse models

BackgroundPhysical exercise has beneficial effects on various organs, including skeletal muscle. However, not all patients are capable of engaging in exercise to maintain muscle function, which underscores the importance of identifying molecular mechanisms of physical training that could lead to the discovery of exercise‐mimicking molecules.MethodsThis study sought to identify molecular mediators of

BackgroundMind–body exercise (MBE) has shown promise in mitigating the effects of sarcopenia and frailty in older adults. Nevertheless, its effectiveness in enhancing muscle function and physical performance in this population has not been well established. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MBE on older adults with sarcopenia and frailty, to offer evidence‐based exercise recommendations

BackgroundQuantitative muscle MRI commonly evaluates disease activity and muscle wasting in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Disturbances in ion homeostasis contribute to DMD pathophysiology, but their relationships with disease progression is unclear. 23Na MRI may provide insights into the disease course and treatment response. This longitudinal study assessed whether sodium levels are elevated

BackgroundEstimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) is a simple and effective measure for insulin resistance, which is associated with higher risk of frailty. We aim to analyse the associations of eGDR with frailty risk and its reversibility.MethodsA population‐based longitudinal study was conducted of 11 670 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study and 19 355 participants

We write to highlight a potential issue in the estimation of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in studies based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). In recent years, numerous studies based on the CHARLS database have been published, with a significant number focusing on sarcopenia. A PubMed search reveals that over 94 sarcopenia-related articles based on CHARLS data

BackgroundRecent findings have spotlighted sarcopenia as a critical factor exacerbating cardiovascular risk in dialysis patients. However, no studies have investigated the relationship of muscle characteristics with thoracic aortic calcification (TAC). We explored whether skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) are associated with TAC in dialysis patients.MethodsIn this study

I read with great interest the article ‘Risk of Sarcopenia Following Long-Term Statin Use in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Japan’ by Huang et al. [1]. Although the study addresses a topic of significant clinical relevance, I would like to express concerns regarding two critical methodological aspects that may affect the internal validity of the findings. First, the article reported

BackgroundEvidence suggests that high body fat and low muscle mass may increase the risk of fragility fractures. However, current fracture risk models, which largely rely on body mass index (BMI), may not fully capture these compositional factors. We recommend integrating additional body composition variables into fracture risk calculators to improve accuracy. Previously, we described partial body

Older adults typically exhibit reductions in skeletal muscle maximal strength and the ability to produce force rapidly. These reductions are often augmented by concomitant acute and chronic diseases, resulting in attenuated physical performance and higher propensity of falls and injuries. With the proportion of older adults in the population increasing, there is an alarming need for cost‐effective

BackgroundCancer cachexia, affecting up to 80% of patients with cancer, is characterized by muscle and fat loss with functional decline. Preclinical research seeks to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying cachexia to identify potential targets. Housing laboratory mice at ambient temperature induces cold stress, triggering thermogenic activity and metabolic adaptations. Yet, the impact of housing

BackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumour in adults. Patients with GBM are particularly susceptible to moderate‐to‐high frail. Frailty status has been associated with the outcome of many types of cancer, including GBM, although there is still little consensus regarding the specific criteria for assessing frailty status. This study aimed to determine the predictive

BackgroundDespite the high prevalence of malnutrition in acutely ill older patients, nutritional status is rarely assessed in emergency departments (EDs), and the impact of nutritional risk screening on functional recovery is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between nutritional parameters and a range of outcomes in older patients admitted through the ED.MethodsA prospective

BackgroundAlthough sarcopenia and insulin resistance are closely related, there is limited evidence regarding how they interact to influence mortality across different population groups. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and insulin resistance and its impact on mortality and cardiovascular disease risk using large‐scale national data from Korea and

We read with great interest the recent article by Fujie et al. [1] published in your esteemed journal. The study provides valuable insights into the effects of moderate-to-high-intensity resistance training (RT) combined with high-protein intake (steamed chicken breast) on arterial stiffness, muscle mass, strength and quality in elderly women. However, we would like to highlight several limitations

BackgroundG protein–coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) acts as a modulator of various physiological functions, including glycaemic lowering, anti‐inflammation and antioxidative stress, in several tissues. However, the role of GPR40 in skeletal muscles remains unclear.MethodsTo investigate the roles of muscle GPR40, C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes were stimulated with palmitate and HD6277, a GPR40 agonist. Muscle

BackgroundSkeletal muscle function and mass continuously decrease during aging. Most studies target limb muscles owing to their direct impact on mobility and falls risk. The diaphragm (DIA), also a type of skeletal muscle with different phenotype, has received less attention. Comparative research of the DIA and limb muscles can reveal their distinct aging characteristics. Critically, the potential

BackgroundNon‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may influence musculoskeletal health. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three different NSAIDS: naproxen sodium, ibuprofen, flurbiprofen or a placebo on musculoskeletal adaptations in rodents with or without 6 weeks of aerobic exercise.MethodsNine‐week‐old male Wistar rats (n = 80) were randomized to either exercise (EX)

BackgroundFasting shows promise for public health, but concerns about muscle loss hinder its acceptance, particularly among the elderly. We explored the impact of long‐term fasting (12 days, 250 kcal/day) on muscle structure, metabolism and performance.MethodsWe prospectively assessed muscle volume, composition, relaxometry data and lipid metabolism in 32 subjects (16 men; 50% over 50 years old) before

BackgroundAge‐related primary sarcopenia and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD)–related muscle wasting are discrete entities; however, both manifest as a decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength. The etiological pathways differ, with aging factors implicated in sarcopenia and a combination of uremic factors, including haemodialysis, contributing to ESRD‐related muscle wasting. Understanding these molecular

BackgroundWeight loss achieved via energy restriction leads to significant losses in muscle and bone mass, potentially increasing risk for sarcopenia and osteoporosis. High‐intensity resistance and impact training (HiRIT) might attenuate weight loss–induced musculoskeletal declines. Our objective was to compare changes in physical function and body composition in older adults with obesity undertaking