Emerging evidence has connected Alzheimer's disease (AD) to systemic inflammation, intestinal abnormalities, and altered gut microbiota, highlighting the significance of the gut–brain axis. Here, we investigated the impact of acute experimental colitis (acute colitis) on AD pathology.

Widespread use of retinal optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) imaging requires methodological and analytical consensus to ensure reproducible and accurate results in epidemiological studies on Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).

Alzheimer's & Dementia publishes a set of papers exploring the diagnostic and prognostic capabilities of a novel cutting-edge multiplexed biomarker measurement technology across neurodegenerative dementias.

Dementia impairs driving skills, but the specific driving behaviors affected are not fully understood. This project reviewed the literature on driving behaviors more common among people with dementia compared to age-matched healthy controls. A search of Scopus, Medline All, and Embase databases (1994 to September 2024) identified relevant studies. Articles were included if they addressed driving behaviors

The morphological and molecular changes associated with the degeneration of arterioles in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) are incompletely understood.

We addressed whether higher education plays a causal role in reducing dementia risk by comparing two indices of cognitive reserve: education and young adult general cognitive ability (GCA).

Synapse loss is a key driver of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet its direct relationship with neurofibrillary tau tangle (NFT) burden remains unclear. This study leveraged positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to investigate the link between NFT accumulation and synaptic density in older adults with and without AD pathology.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) plasma biomarkers are non-invasive measures of the key amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathologies. Validation and generalization studies are needed to fully understand their potential for AD prediction and diagnosis in the elderly population.

Analyzing the proteomes of different brain cell types is fundamental for understanding the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, spatial analysis of these diverse and limited cell populations poses significant challenges.

We aimed to examine the global impact of brain small vessel disease (SVD) on cognitive performance.

INTRODUCTIONThe study aimed to develop and validate the Emergency Department Dementia Algorithm (EDDA) to detect dementia among older adults (65+) and support clinical decision‐making in the emergency department (ED).METHODSIn a multisite retrospective study of 759,665 ED visits, electronic health record data from Yale New Haven Health (2014–2022) were used to train three supervised and semi‐unsupervised

Introduction Communication difficulties occur in all dementia subtypes. This can affect individuals’ identity, relationships, and quality-of-life of people with dementia and their relatives. Professional guidelines recommend access to communication intervention, for example through speech and language therapy (SLT) services, but anecdotal evidence suggests that the type and availability of this provision

Background Brain glymphatic system is thought to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Objective To investigate the relationships between glymphatic function and AD-signature region volumes, plasma biomarkers and disease progression in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Methods Two datasets comprising a total of 229 cognitively unimpaired older adults were enrolled

Aim To examine frailty assessments in older patients admitted to hospital, and explore associations with sex, admission and discharge status. Methodology Worldwide, the prevalence of frailty is increasing. Stratifying frailty can be beneficial at a population level to improve public health and target local services. At an individual level, recognition of frailty can help inform prognosis and advanced

Although the use of direct oral anticoagulants increases in parallel with the increase in atrial fibrillation (AF) with age, none of the bleeding risk scores (HAS-BLED, HEMORR2HAGES, ATRIA nor RE-LY) have been developed in a geriatric population. Our study aimed to develop a bleeding risk score adapted to this specific population and this therapeutic class. Multicentre, longitudinal, prospective, observational

INTRODUCTIONThis study assessed the heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) and sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) on the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).METHODSThis target trial emulation study included adults (≥ 50 years) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and newly prescribed a GLP‐1RA, SGLT2i, or other second‐line

INTRODUCTIONEnd‐of‐life (EOL) caregiving is associated with stress and burden, especially for persons with dementia. Little is known, however, about how dementia diagnosis, family structure, and co‐residence influence the prevalence of antidepressants and anxiolytics (psychiatric prescriptions) among spouses and adult children during EOL caregiving.METHODSThis was a retrospective cohort study of spouses

INTRODUCTIONDementia family caregivers face a significant burden due to the progressive nature of the disease, which places them at high risk for depression. Because a lack of information is available on the social determinants of health that impact depression, this study investigated this relationship.METHODSThis study was a secondary data analysis using the 2017 National Health and Aging Trends Study

INTRODUCTIONWe report the feasibility and cognitive outcomes of a stage 1b randomized trial testing 3 months of home‐delivered high polyphenol snacks (e.g., nuts, berries) and online speed of processing training among older adults with 12 or fewer years of education.METHODSOne hundred eighty participants were randomized to polyphenol‐rich snacks and online cognitive training, polyphenol snacks and

INTRODUCTIONHeterogeneity of clinical progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) complicates the assessment of disease progression and treatment effects in trials. This study evaluates the potential of plasma phosphorylated tau‐217 (p‐tau217) to capture this heterogeneity.METHODSWe used k‐means clustering to analyze cognitive trajectories in amyloid beta –positive (Aβ+) cognitively normal (CN) and mild

Background Transitions from hospital to home are risky for older people. The role of patient involvement in supporting safe transitions is unclear. Objective To assess the clinical effectiveness of an intervention to improve the safety and experience of care transitions for older people. Trial design Cluster randomised controlled trial. Participants Eleven National Health Service acute hospital trusts

Delirium is a serious neuropsychiatric condition that lacks an effective treatment intervention. A confusional state often brought on by acute illness, delirium is associated with acute inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. NAD+ is a metabolite involved in both cellular energy generation and immunomodulation, that has previously been found to promote metabolic function and reduce inflammation. Whether

Recent years have seen major advances in tau‐associated brain disorders through interdisciplinary research spanning molecular biology, neuroimaging, clinical trials, and therapeutic development. The Tau2024 Global Conference, hosted by the Alzheimer's Association, CurePSP, and Rainwater Charitable Foundation, showcased these efforts by bringing together researchers and experts worldwide to discuss

Dilmore AH, Martino C, Neth BJ, et al. Effects of a ketogenic and low-fat diet on the human metabolome, microbiome, and foodome in adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's Dement. 2023;4805-4816. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.13007 The Conflict of Interest Statement is incomplete. The full Conflict of Interest Statement should be: Rima Kaddurah-Daouk is an inventor of key patents in the field

BACKGROUND Age-associated decline in swallowing and tongue function is associated with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and frailty. However, evidence regarding effectiveness of tongue resistance exercises in frail older adults with MCI is limited with methodological variations and lack of follow-up. OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of a tongue resistance training program (TRTP) in improving

INTRODUCTIONWe investigated the associations of longitudinal synaptic loss and cognitive decline with tau burden and plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease (AD).METHODSTwenty cognitively impaired (CI) individuals and 16 healthy controls (HC) underwent cognitive and plasma biomarker assessments, amyloid positron emission tomography (PET), tau PET, and synaptic density PET; after 1 year, tau and synaptic

Background Loneliness has detrimental effects on the mental well-being of senior citizens. Reminiscence therapies have emerged as a potential intervention to alleviate loneliness. This study aimed to systematically review and quantitatively analyse the effects of reminiscence therapy on loneliness among older adults. Methods A comprehensive search was performed across 11 electronic databases, meta-analyses

We investigated the association between mobile phone use characteristics and Parkinson’s disease (PD) risk and whether genetic predisposition modified these associations, utilising data from the UK Biobank. Participants using mobile phones for at least one hour weekly had a lower risk of PD compared to those using less than five minutes weekly (HR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.65–0.87). Long-term users of mobile

The global increase in aging populations has heightened the urgency to develop effective interventions for age-related cognitive decline. Skeletal muscle has recently emerged as a potential modulator of brain health, particularly in the context of aging. This study investigates the effects of electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) on cognitive function and neuropathology in Senescence-Accelerated Mouse

Olfactory deficits are hypothesized to precede cognitive decline and be independently associated with future dementia. Conversely, the concurrency of cognitive and olfactory impairments is expected to represent an advanced stage, associated with shorter time to diagnosis. Limited research has examined the association of isolated and concurrent cognitive and olfactory impairments with incident dementia

Growth-differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a cytokine with the ability to regulate metabolic and inflammatory activity, is negatively associated with physical and cognitive function, and increases in circulation with age. Mechanistically, the expression of GDF15 is stimulated by mitochondrial stress across multiple tissues. We hypothesized elevations in basal circulating GDF15 were negatively associated

INTRODUCTIONLimited information is available regarding sex differences in the relationship of socioeconomic status and cognitive performance with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) family history.METHODSLeveraging the UK Biobank (N = 448,100) and All of Us Research Program (N = 240,319), we conducted observational and genetically informed analyses to test the sex‐specific associations

This systematic review aims to identify available cognitive assessments for Arabic‐speaking older adults and to assess their validity and performance. A comprehensive search was conducted using Medline, Embase, and APA PsycInfo up to November 2023, encompassing studies validating or using cognitive tools in Arabic for individuals aged ≥ 50. We identified 29 validation studies for 20 cognitive tools

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severely debilitating neurodegenerative disease with a rapidly increasing global prevalence, poorly understood causes, and no efficient treatments. Experimental models are valuable for studying AD pathogenesis, including amyloid beta and tau accumulation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. While no model fully reproduces the disease, we take an evolutionary biology

BACKGROUNDThis study evaluates the capability of cortical microstructural measures from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia, compared to commonly used macrostructural measures. Identification of high‐risk individuals can support both clinical practice and trials.METHODSStructural and diffusion MRI scans of 826 participants

INTRODUCTIONWhite matter hyperintensity volume (WMH), markers of cerebral small vessel disease, are disproportionately prevalent among Black/African American and Hispanic individuals. While cardiometabolic risk factors contribute to WMHs, their association across racial ethnic groups among females remains unclear. This study examines associations among cardiometabolic risk factors, blood pressure,

INTRODUCTIONWe investigated whether study partner characteristics moderated the ability of informant measures to predict cognitive decline in a cognitively unimpaired sample.METHODSData were from 2164 cognitively unimpaired participants from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center and their study partners. Composite cognition scores were calculated at baseline and first follow‐up. Linear mixed

BACKGROUNDMaintenance of cerebral blood flow during orthostasis is impaired with aging and associated with cognitive decline, but the effect of the apolipoprotein ɛ4 allele (APOE4) is unknown.METHODSOlder adults (n = 108) (APOE4 carriers, n = 47; non‐carriers, n = 61) diagnosed as having normal cognition (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or Alzheimer's disease (AD) underwent transcranial Doppler

INTRODUCTIONUpward educational attainment is associated with better cognitive function; differences by Hispanic/Latino heritage are unclear.METHODSWe analyzed data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) and its ancillary study SOL‐Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL‐INCA; n = 3300) to compare cognitive function and 7‐year cognitive change between first‐generation

This paper reports on a Conference organized by the Washington University School of Medicine's (WUSM) Knight Alzheimer Disease Research Center (Knight ADRC), entitled “Enhancing Participation by Minoritized Groups in Alzheimer Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) Research.” It builds on recommendations from a 2018 Workshop. Representatives from all 37 federally funded ADRCs described strategies to enhance

Background It is unknown whether the relationship between ageing of different organs and cognitive decline varies in older adults. Objectives This study investigated the association of body ageing and organ-specific ageing with cognitive decline, and whether this relationship was strengthened by hearing loss. Methods The study included older adults free from cognitive impairment, drawn from the Chinese

Geroprotectors are compounds that target the underlying mechanisms of ageing to delay the onset of age-related diseases and extend both lifespan and health span. As ageing is driven by the accumulation of cellular damage, DNA instability, epigenetic changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and chronic inflammation, the concept of geroprotection focuses on compounds that can mitigate these processes. Oleuropein

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rapidly increasing and is caused by excessive fat deposition in the liver due to non-alcoholic factors. Aging is a major risk factor for the development and progression of MASLD. In this study, we investigated the metabolic effects of tilorone, a synthetic small molecule, in a high-fat diet (HFD) mouse model, with

The cognitive and neuroimaging evolution over the course of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) from prodromal stage — Pro-DLB (subjective (SCI) to mild cognitive impairment (MCI)) — is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to analyze from 5-year longitudinal data the trajectories of Pro-DLB patients. The “Lewy- MEMENTO” prospective clinical cohort recruited 773 patients for either SCI or MCI. The

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a prevalent condition among older adults and is regarded as a potentially modifiable risk factor for dementia. Although multiple studies have investigated pure-tone thresholds as a measure for ARHL and its relationship to dementia, the potential role of the central auditory system has received little attention. To address this gap in the literature, this study investigates