Due to their potential ecological impacts, environmental contamination by microplastics (MPs) has gained significant attention. This study investigated the adverse effects of dietary exposure to three distinct polymer types of MPs with similar size—aliphatic polyurethane (PU), polyethylene-polytetrafluoroethylene composite (PE-PTFE), and high-density polyethylene-polytetrafluoroethylene-alumina nanocomposite

Cell-based bioassays provide a dynamic and physiologically relevant platform for investigating cellular responses to chemical, biological, and environmental stimuli. Unlike traditional biochemical assays, cell-based bioassays utilize living cells to assess functional outcomes such as proliferation, apoptosis, signal transduction, gene expression, and metabolic activity. This approach enables a more

Arsenic (As) contamination represents a significant global concern, particularly prevalent in regions such as China, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Arsenic permeates the food chain, posing potential hazards to ecosystems and human health. Studies have shown that marine fish possess a unique ability to accumulate substantial levels of arsenobetaine (AsB). However, the mechanism underlying the elevated

The gut microbiome, commonly termed as a "super organ", plays a crucial role in the modulation of various biological functions associated with metabolism, endocrinology, immunology, and neurology. However, gut microbiome is extremely susceptible to the risks of environmental pollutants, which will drive gut microbial community to dysbiosis. Simultaneously, restoring healthy gut microbiome can protect

Mercury cyanide (II) (Hg(CN)₂) is a substance formed through cyanidation and amalgamation techniques involving mercury, commonly used in gold mining activities at artisanal and small-scale sites. In sites such as the Puyango river, Ecuador, 6000 tons of cyanide-laden wastes are dumped in the river annually, including mercury cyanides. A few toxicological data on sodium cyanide are available in the

Interfacial interactions control the environmental risk of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by mediating their exposure and biological outcome relationships. Despite recognizing their importance, current risk paradigms fail to adequately capture the inherent complexity of these reactive interfaces – dynamic systems where multiscale transformations and biological interactions occur simultaneously. This

Fluopyram, a novel kind of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides, has widespread utilized to control plant diseases or nematodes. However, the potential toxicity risks to non-target aquatic organisms of fluopyram have aroused wide concern. In this study, fluopyram was indicated as low toxic pesticide with 96 h LC50 to adult zebrafish of 17.82 mg/L. Fluopyram was classified as a moderately bioaccumulation

Studies have demonstrated that adult male fish exposed to estrogenic endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) exhibit reduced sperm motility and fertility. However, the effects of prepubertal estrogenic EDC exposure on testicular development and subsequent reproductive capacity remain poorly understood. In this study, prepubertal male (XY) tilapia at 30 days after hatching (dah) were exposed to 17β-estradiol

The MIL-101 series metal-organic frameworks have attracted significant attention in water remediation, leading to their inevitable release into the aquatic environments. However, research on the toxic effects of MIL-101 on aquatic organisms is in its infancy, and the responses of freshwater algae to MIL-101 and its amino-functionalized counterpart, MIL-101-NH2, are poorly understood. In this study

Screening chemicals using the zebrafish embryo developmental toxicity assay requires visual assessment of larval morphological changes based on images by experienced screeners. The process is time-consuming and prone to subjectivity. However, deep learning models trained using labeled image data offer a more objective and efficient alternative. As part of the Systematic Evaluation of the Application

In real-world conditions, multiple pollutants coexist, making it insufficient to study a single pollutant's effects. Clothianidin, a widely present neonicotinoid insecticide, poses significant ecological risks due to its unique mechanism of action. Similarly, microplastics, another prevalent pollutant, have notable ecological impacts. This study aims to assess the ecotoxicological effects of clothianidin

Nanoplastics (NPs) and mercury (Hg) are ubiquitous pollutants that co-occur in aquatic ecosystems. However, the interaction between NPs and Hg, particularly whether NPs affect the accumulation and in vivo biotransformation of Hg in aquatic organisms, remains unclear. The toxicity of NPs and mercuric chloride (HgCl2), both individually and in combination at environmentally relevant concentrations, on

Nanoplastics, as widespread and persistent pollutants, pose a significant threat to the health of organisms. In this study, the impacts of polystyrene nanoplastics on the euryhaline fish, pearl spot (Etroplus suratensis) were investigated. Pearl spot were exposed to 0, 0.2, 2, and 4 mg/L of PS NPs for 14 days and NP accumulation, as well as its impact of accumulation on biochemical and oxidative stress

Graphdiyne (GDY), an emerging 2D carbon nanomaterial, holds promise yet remains unexplored for environmental hazards. Herein, we investigated the toxicity effects and mechanisms of GDY towards the freshwater microalga Scenedesmus obliquus at environmentally relevant concentrations. The results revealed that 1 mg/L of GDY inhibited the growth of the algae and significantly induced a decrease in photosynthetic

The presence of organic pollutants in aquatic environments requires effective solutions to reduce their concentration. In this context, the development of environmental remediation technologies using nanomaterials has emerged as a promising alternative. However, prior to their application, it is necessary to evaluate the toxicity of these materials along their lifecycle. The aim of this study was to

MCPA-Na (2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid) is a selective herbicide widely used in agricultural cultivation. Despite monitoring indicating risks to aquatic life, the specific organ effects and pathogen susceptibility are unclear. Therefore, we constructed a “compound-core target-signaling pathway” network using network toxicology methods, and the results showed that MCPA-Na interacted with multiple

Over the last 20 years, tributyltin (TBT) has been reported to cause metabolic disruption in both invertebrates and vertebrates, highlighting the need for further detailed analysis of its physiological effects. This study aimed to investigate the metabolic-disrupting effects of TBT from the behavioral to the molecular level. Adult specimens of the great pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis) were exposed to

Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is one of the most widely used phthalate esters (PAEs) that raise increasing ecotoxicological concerns due to their harmful effects on living organisms and ecosystems. Recently, while PAEs pollution in the Yangtze River has attracted significant attention, little research has been conducted on the impact of PAEs stress on S. prenanti, an endemic and valuable species in the Yangtze

Anionic Polyacrylamide (APAM) is widely used in oil extraction processes, serving as an oil-repellent polymer and constituting a critical component of water-based drilling fluids. The environmental and ecological effects of APAM on fishery resources have attracted significant attention, yet its toxic mechanism in marine fish at early developmental stages remains poorly understood. The potential effects

Microplastics (MPs) are newly emerged pollutants found in water and soil, while microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is often detected in drinking water and water products, both posing serious threats to aquatic environment and food safety. MPs can serve as carriers of MC-LR. These pollutants are often found together, rather than separately. This study focused on assessing the neurotoxicity of co-exposure

The gut-liver axis is vital for organism health. Nanoplastics (NPs) and bisphenol A (BPA) can harm zebrafish intestines and livers, yet their combined impact on the gut-liver axis and transgenerational effects are unknown.

The widespread application of pesticides makes it important to understand the impacts of these chemicals on wildlife. Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate insecticide that is still used en masse over large parts of the globe, can affect the development and behavior of non-target organisms and may thereby alter predator-prey interactions. To investigate whether environmentally relevant concentrations of

Tebuconazole (TBZ) is a triazole fungicide broadly used to control fungal diseases in agricultural crops, fruit-bearing plants and forestry plantations. However, its increasing use and release into aquatic environments has raised concerns about its hazardous effects on the health of fish. Thus, the aim of the present study was to review the scientific literature on the ecotoxicological effects of TBZ

Zebrafish, as a model organism, exhibit high sensitivity to environmental pollutants and has been widely used in microplastics (MPs) toxicology studies. However, the mechanisms underlying MPs’ effects on zebrafish have yet to be comprehensively summarized. This review systematically explores the sources, pollution status of freshwater MPs and their biological toxicity mechanisms using zebrafish as

Atrazine, a widely used pesticide, can damage organs and affect the respond ability of aquatic animals to environmental stimuli. To explore the amphibian response to light and/or dark stimuli following pesticide exposure, a comparative analysis was conducted on the swimming behavior of Pelophylax nigromaculatus tadpoles (Gs 8 - Gs 36, from fertilised egg to forelimb appearance) following a 60-day exposure

Perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), a long-chain perfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS), is known for its environmental persistence and potential toxicity. This study evaluated PFDA toxicity in the RTgill-W1 cell line, a model for aquatic toxicology, using a combination of cell viability assays, reactive oxygen species (ROS) measurements, and high-throughput metabolomics and lipidomics. PFDA exposure resulted

It is well known that fish embryos are vulnerable to waterborne nanoparticles (NPs), with delayed hatching being the most common and sensitive endpoint. Up-regulation of hatching enzymes has been believed to be an important detoxification mechanism for NPs, but the inner mechanism for such phenomena has been seldom investigated. This study aimed to investigate the role of pregnane X receptor (Pxr)

Hexafluoropropylene oxide trimer acid (HFPO-TA), an emerging substitute for perfluorooctanoic acid, has been widely detected in aquatic environment and received extensive attentions of research due to its potential toxicity. However, the olfactory toxicity of HFPO-TA remains unknown yet. In the study, the effects of HFPO-TA on the olfactory epithelium (OE) and olfactory bulb (OB) were investigated

The fungicide carbendazim (CBZ), widely present in aquatic environments, has been reported to disrupt testicular development in rodents, yet its impacts on amphibians remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of environmentally-relevant concentrations of CBZ (1, 10, 100 μg/L) on early testicular development in Xenopus laevis following exposure from Nieuwkoop-Faber (NF) stages 45/46

2,2′,4,4′-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), an emerging contaminant (EC), is widely used in the production of brominated flame retardants and is biotoxic to marine organisms. However, our understanding of the mechanism of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs)-induced toxicity remains incomplete. In this study, BDE-47 cytotoxicity after short-term exposure was investigated in PCK cells. BDE-47 significantly

The widespread use of antibiotics has significantly contributed to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which have become a major challenge to global ecological and public health. Antibiotic resistance not only proliferates in clinical settings but also persists in aquatic systems, where its residues and cross-domain spread pose a dual threat to both ecosystems and human health. ARGs spread

Conventional plastics have become a major environmental concern due to their persistence and accumulation in marine ecosystems. Recently, the development of bio-based polymers, such as polylactic acid (PLA), has gained particular attention as an alternative to limit plastic pollution, as these materials can be degraded under certain conditions. This study investigated the ecotoxicity of polylactic

This study evaluated the individual and combined impacts of temperature, pyrene, and cadmium on the coastal diatom Thalassiosira weissflogii under conditions representative of the Gulf of Guinea. In the individual stressor experiments, time, rather than temperature or individual pollutants, was the primary factor influencing growth parameters. Specifically, temperature modulated diatom growth with

Microplastics (MP) are a diverse class of contaminants for which it is challenging to assess their effects on freshwater biota. As polyamide (PA) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) are two of the most abundant microplastic materials in natural environments, the present study investigated whether their chronic presence, particle size (< 100 μm and > 100 μm) and their mixture influenced gene transcription

There is increased evidence of the co-occurrence of microplastics (MPs) with other co-pollutants in surface water globally, leading to ecological and environmental concerns. The risks and toxicity of co-occurring pollutants largely depend on the mechanisms controlling the activation of their various sources, their fate and transport in different environmental media. Due to their size-specific surface

The early detectable tail coiling behavior of zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos is receiving increasing attention in the context of (developmental) neurotoxicity testing and may be used as a rapid screening tool for compounds with unknown or suspected neurotoxic potential. The observation of this behavior over a longer period of time already offered advantages such as the possibility of detecting effects

Ibuprofen (IBU), a prevalent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is extensively utilized in medical practices. Especially since the popularity of COVID-19, its use has become more widespread, coupled with its low degradation rate and high environmental residues. Thus, more focus is warranted on the possible detrimental impacts on non-target organisms, as well as the underlying mechanisms

Buprofezin (BPFN), a pesticide used to control crop pests and diseases, causes potential harm to aquatic animals and the environment by leaching into aquatic ecosystems. However, there are limited studies on the toxicity of BPFN to aquatic organisms. Using zebrafish embryos, we integrated flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, RNA-seq and other techniques to assess BPFN's developmental toxicity. Additionally, IBRv2

Boscalid (BO), one of the frequently detected fungicides of succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor in water environments, has unknown effects on the respiratory function and gut health of aquatic organisms. Therefore, zebrafish were exposed to BO solutions (0.01–1.0 mg/L) for 21 days to assess its effects on zebrafish respiration and intestinal microbiota in this study. The results showed that exposure

Micro- and nanoplastic particles (MNPs) are pollutants of global concern due to their persistence, ubiquity, and associated risks. Laboratory studies, however, have predominantly focused on pristine MNPs, which do not adequately reflect the characteristics of environmental plastic debris. To address this gap, this study investigated the cellular and tissue-level responses of mussels (Mytilus edulis)

Over the past few decades, the accumulation of micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) have identified as enduring contaminants, posing significant risks to aquatic organisms. However, the interplay of MNPs and environmental stressors (e.g. nutrient etc.) is not well understood. In this study, Sargassum horneri, a typical benthic macroalgae, was cultured with two sizes of plastic particles (MPs (5 μm), NPs

Bisphenol A (BPA) has been found in aquatic environments worldwide, raising concerns about its potentially harmful effects, particularly during the early stages of organismal development. In this study, exposure to BPA significantly inhibited the development of Mytilus coruscus larvae and led to abnormal muscle development, characterized by a reduction in adductor muscle size and a decrease in the

Thiamethoxam, a widely applied neonicotinoid pesticide, poses a non-negligible risk to aquatic organisms and has garnered considerable attention. The biological impacts of thiamethoxam on chironomid larvae and protective strategies for tolerance remain to be investigated. In this study, we addressed the functional role of gut microbiota and determined the potential effects of thiamethoxam on physiological

Nitrate pollution in aquatic ecosystems has attracted global attention and has toxic effects on marine organisms. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying nitrate toxicity in the fish gut remain obscure. To this end, turbot were subjected to nitrate exposure (200 mg/L NO3–N) for 0, 10, 20, and 30 days to explore nitrate toxicity and metabolic mechanisms in the gut by employing a multi-omics

In recent years, the antidepressant fluoxetine (FLX) has been increasingly detected in global environments, emerging as a contaminant with significant toxic effects. However, its impact on the fertilization processes of broadcast-spawning species remains unclear. This study focuses on Tegillarca granosa, a broadcast-spawning bivalve, to evaluate the effects of fluoxetine on gametes and fertilization

The widespread use of the organophosphorus flame retardant tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBOEP) and its presence in aquatic environments pose a hazard to wildlife. This study investigates the chronic ecotoxicity of TBOEP at environmentally relevant concentrations (6 ± 0.7 µg L−1) in the tropical water flea Ceriodaphnia cornuta over seven generations. Delayed toxicity emerged from the second generation

Agrochemical organosilicone spray adjuvants, widely applied in agroecosystems, are suspected to pose environmental risks based on recent studies. In response to these concerns, we have purified the active components of these adjuvants, specifically a series of oligomers of hydroxy(polyethyleneoxy) propyl-heptamethyl trisiloxane (TSS-H), including ethylene oxide (EO) units ranging from 4 to 12. For

Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (OPAHs) are a class of anthropogenic, persistent, and highly toxic PAH contaminants associated with developmental toxicity, 9-fluorenone (9-FLO) is a typical member of the OPAH family. Due to its ketone group, it has higher polarity, which results in increased solubility in water and greater potential for transport via atmospheric particles or water bodies

A comparative ecotoxicological profile was conducted on plastic materials with the same use made of conventional polymers versus alternative, potentially biodegradable polymers, frequently marketed as “bio” with claims of lower ecological impact. The sensitive in vivo sea-urchin embryo test (SET) was used for the ecotoxicological characterization, and non-target chemical analyses using GC–MS for the

Even though extensive research exists on the negative impact of nanoplastics on fish, their effect on the microbiota and intestinal health of freshwater fish remains unclear. This study investigated the impact of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) on the microbiota, oxidative stress, and intestinal morphology of the Acrossocheilus yunnanensis (A. yunnanensis) freshwater fish species. The findings demonstrated

Aquatic organisms face increased complexity and severity when exposed to the combined stressors of climate change and micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs), as opposed to facing these stressors individually. This study examined the effects and underlying mechanisms of elevated pCO2, which leads to freshwater acidification, as well as amino-modified polystyrene MNPs (PS-NH2 MNPs) of varying sizes (5 μm, 300

Our understanding of the ecotoxicology for tropical marine species is limited. We investigated the impacts of copper (0.1–6 µg/L) and zinc (2.5–45 µg/L) on development of the crown-of-thorns sea star (COTS) (Acanthaster sp.) with respect to lethal concentration (LC) and effective concentration (EC) for inhibition of larval swimming and in context with concentrations reported for the Great Barrier Reef

Agrochemical fungicides and their pharmaceutical counterparts are a major anthropogenic threat to the biodiversity of freshwater ecosystems as they affect non-target organisms (including aquatic fungi) and disrupt the processes in which they intervene. The goal of this work was to assess the effects of four common agricultural fungicides differing in their modes of action (azoxystrobin, carbendazim

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is a widely used solvent in biological research due to its ability to enhance membrane permeability, facilitating drug delivery and molecular transport across cellular membranes. However, its effects on cellular metabolism, especially at low concentrations, remain insufficiently understood. This study investigated the metabolic disruptions induced by 0.1–10 % DMSO in the RTgill-W1

Broflanilide is a novel bisamide insecticide that is extensively used. Previous study reported that broflanilide induced neurotoxicity during zebrafish embryonic development, however, its behavior impact and the involved neural cell heterogeneous mechanism remains largely unknown. Here, we performed a series of neuro-behavior test for adult zebrafish that were exposed to 5 and 25 μg/L broflanilide

The Pearl River Delta region in southern China, as a major urban and manufacturing center, receives an elevated burden of brominated flame retardant (BFR) pollution, with its estuary acting as an important sink. Resident cetacean species like Indo-Pacific finless porpoise (Neophocaena phocaenoides) can serve as a bioindicator for the spatiotemporal dynamics of BFRs in the Pearl River Estuary because

Caffeine (CAF) and triclosan (TCS) are contaminants of emerging environmental concern due to their widespread presence in marine environments and their potential biological effects on non-target organisms. Despite growing efforts to assess the toxicity of CAF and TCS in aquatic organisms, knowledge of their impacts on marine zooplankton remains limited, particularly regarding physiological aspects

Heavy crude oil, like bitumen, is used globally for plastics, petrochemicals and road surfacing. Canada's oil sands are the world's third largest crude oil reserve, and diluted bitumen (dilbit) is transported across North America primarily via pipeline and rail. Two environmentally-relevant concentrations of dilbit were used with a suite of toxicological endpoints to determine if a 3 °C increase in

The massive use of surgical face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic has compounded the challenge of plastic waste. Surgical face masks are made of polypropylene (PP) and tend to release nano- and micro- fibers (NMFs). The present study aims to provide insights into the impacts of NMFs in aquatic organisms by evaluating the effects of PP-NMFs derived from the artificial photodegradation of surgical

Analysis of the presence and the abundance of microorganisms related to diseases can be used to monitor marine environmental health. Our study evaluated the interference of taxonomic databases (SILVA, Greengenes v13.8, Greengenes2, and RDP) to monitor the distribution of bacterial genera potentially related to diseases in marine organisms (BGPRDs) from low- (Dois Rios Beach-DR), medium- (Abraão Beach-AB)