Rare kidney stone diseases typically present with nephrolithiasis or nephrocalcinosis in childhood or adolescence. Affected individuals might face kidney injury and even kidney failure related to associated complications. Screening blood and urine tests recommended for patients with nephrolithiasis/nephrocalcinosis help guide further evaluation, and the increased availability and decreased costs of

The pathophysiology of heart failure (HF) with kidney dysfunction is represented by several maladaptive bidirectional pathways wherein acute or chronic dysfunction of one organ drives acute or chronic dysfunction in the other organ. Suboptimal decongestion, diuretic resistance, and low use rates of guideline-directed medical therapy in individuals with kidney dysfunction and HF contribute to poor cardiovascular

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Metals/metalloids in drinking water, including uranium and arsenic, may damage kidney function and increase chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk. We evaluated exposure to these contaminants in community water supplies (CWS) and CKD risk in the California Teachers Study. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS 88,185 women who were California teachers and school

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVES Accurate ascertainment of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in electronic health records (EHRs) data is important for much epidemiological research. This study aimed to develop and validate an algorithm using diagnosis and procedure codes to identify patients with ESKD (treated with maintenance dialysis or kidney transplantation) in EHRs data. STUDY DESIGN Study of diagnostic algorithms

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a proinflammatory state caused by maladaptive immune response, predisposing to cardiovascular (CVD) and inflammatory/infectious disease outcomes. We sought to examine the association of chronic inflammation-related disease (ChrIRD) as compared to CVD events with worsening kidney function. STUDY DESIGN Longitudinal, observational

Fibrates are a commonly utilized medication in the management of dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular risk. These agents have a well-documented association with reversible elevations in serum creatinine and in some instances acute kidney injury. The mechanism underlying the renal effects of fibrates are currently not well-understood. We describe a case of acute kidney injury in a patient who was administered

Social determinants of health and limited access to medical care contribute to underdiagnosis and late presentation of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Rural areas face unique challenges in providing optimal care for patients with CKD due to poverty, limited healthcare access, and geographical barriers. This review will address the challenges of caring for rural patients with CKD and discuss potential

Both glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve cardiovascular, kidney, and survival outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes; however, the comparative effectiveness of these drugs in a real-world setting remains unclear.

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE The prevalence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) continues to rise, with socioeconomic status (SES), particularly income, having associations with ESKD risk among individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study examined the longitudinal association of income changes with ESKD risk among non-elderly adults with T2D in South Korea. STUDY DESIGN Population-based retrospective

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Serum creatinine elevations in the ambulatory setting frequently occur during antihypertensive treatment and complicate clinical management, but few tools are available to distinguish whether kidney function will recover in this setting. This study evaluated if urine biomarkers of glomerular and tubular health are associated with subsequent recovery of eGFR after acute kidney

Marcello Malpighi (1628-1694) is universally recognized for his pioneering work in microscopic anatomy. His groundbreaking studies of human, animal, and plant anatomy laid the foundation for modern histology, embryology, comparative anatomy, entomology, botany, and biology. Among his many contributions is the discovery of renal glomeruli, which he described as minimae glandulae (very small glands)

The clinical consequences of hyponatremia among patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) are poorly understood. This study sought to evaluate the association of variations in serum sodium with peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis and death.

Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir prevents COVID-19 hospitalization among high-risk adults, but safety concerns limit its use in advanced kidney dysfunction. This study examined safety and effectiveness outcomes from its off-label use in patients with advanced kidney dysfunction.

Addressing the increasing demand for pediatric nephrology care is challenging because of increasing limitations in the size of this workforce. The objective of this study was to characterize the state of pediatric nephrology practices across the United States to inform possible strategies to address this shortfall.

Most deposits in proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits (PGNMID) are of the IgG class. The IgM variant (PGNMID-IgM) is very rare, and data are mostly derived from single case reports or cases associated with B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. We describe the clinicopathologic characteristics and outcomes among cases of PGNMID-IgM.